History of the Magyars

1. History of the Magyars Abby Grandinetti 3rd period History of the Magyars Abby Grandinetti 3rd Period

2. Name for the people of Hungary Ethnic group native to the Carpathian Basin Their goal is preserve Hungarian language, culture, and tradition Throughout history, they have protested for their own independent nation separating them from the Austrians, Ottomans, and other invading forces. The Magyars

3. Picture of the Magyars entering the Carpathian basin

4. 955- Magyars, then a powerful, nomad group, were defeated by the German king, Otto I • After their defeat, the Magyars traveled back to Hungary to permanently settle • 1000- Stephen, leader of the Magyars, asked pope Sylvester II to baptize him and crown him King of Hungary. • He believed this would protect his kingdom from invasion and unite his people through a common religion. Early History

5. 1003- Another Magyar claimed rule of Transylvania, but he was quickly put down by Stephen who added Transylvania to his kingdom • Transylvania became an area largely populated by the Magyars • 1030- German emperor Conrad II attacked Western Hungary, but they were quickly defeated by King Stephen. • 1038- King Stephen I of Hungary died • The Magyars later canonized him as a saint Early History Cont’d

6. King stephen I of Hungary

7. 1241- Invaded by the Mongols Late 15th Century- A time of political unrest and instability due to fights over who had the power to rule. One popular king of the time was King Mathias. Mathias was and is still considered one of Hungary’s most popular rulers. Medieval/ Renaissance hungary

8. 1526-1699 Partitioned by the Hapsburgs and the Ottomans after their defeat at the Battle of Mohacs (1526) 1701-1711 Ultimately the Austrian Hapsburgs took control, but Hungary resisted and fought in a War of Independence from 1701-1711 However, Austria kept control and began to exploit and oppress the Hungarians in their own country Partitioned Hungary

9. Revolutions began in Vienna, Austria and broke out in Hungary a few days later. The Hungarians demanded an elected parliament responsible to a national government. This demand and other reforms were included in the April Laws to create what became the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary. Revolutions of 1848- In hungary

10. Flag to symbolize the dual monarchy

11. Austria-Hungary was greatly affected by the assassination of Francis Ferdinand because he was the heir to the throne. Eventually, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia July 28th, 1914 Austria-Hungary was closely tied to Germany in alliances such as the Three Emperors Alliance and the Dual Alliance Austria- Hungary’s main purpose of the war was to gain territory in the Balkan region The Magyars in wwI

12. Map

13. World war I propaganda

14. Peace treaty signed at the conclusion of WWI that established the borders of Hungary In this treaty, Hungary lost nearly ¾ of their land and many Magyars were forced to live outside of their native Hungary. Many Magyars believe that this treaty was created because other European powers felt threatened by the strong nationalism and power that the Magyars possessed. Treaty of trianon

15. Treaty of trianon

16. Hungary was forced to enter the war after an unprovoked attack by the Soviets in 1940 • 1944- Invaded by the Nazis and the Soviets • From 1944-1945 more than 500,000 Hungarian Jews were transferred to Auschwitz • 1948- Communist Regime imposed in Hungary by Soviets • 1956- Hungarian Nationalist uprising is crushed by the Soviets • Eventually Hungary was able to slowly transfer itself into a democratic regime, however the effects of communism burdened the country for many years to come. • Hungary is still saddled with debt from their occupation by the Soviets World war II

17. WWII Map of hungary

18. Post-communism struggled, but eventually got back on track. They joined NATO in 1999 and the EU in 2004 They are currently practicing a successful Democratic regime with an elected parliament. Post communism

19. Countries in NATO Hungary

20. Goode, Stephen. "The History of Hungary." Hungarian People & Culture. Hungarian Culture, Language, and Relocation Resources. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. <http://www.filolog.com/crosscultureHistory.html>. "HUNMAGYAR.ORG - ETHNOGRAPHIC MAP OF HISTORICAL HUNGARY." HUNMAGYAR.ORG. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. <http://www.hunmagyar.org/tor/ethno.html>. Kagan, Donald, Steven E. Ozment, and Frank M. Turner. The Western Heritage: Since 1300. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2007. Print. Lazar, Istvan. "The Magyars." A Thousand Years of Hungary. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. <http://hungarianhistory.freeservers.com/magyars.html>. "Stephen I." U*X*L Biographies. Detroit: U*X*L, 2003. Gale Student Resources In Context. Web. 11 Mar. 2012. "Austrian Empire Hungary Revolution 1848." OnWar.com. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. <http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/hat/hungary/fhungary1848.htm>. "Stephen I." U*X*L Biographies. Detroit: U*X*L, 2003. Gale Student Resources In Context. Web. 11 Mar. 2012. "Austrian Empire Hungary Revolution 1848." OnWar.com. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. <http://www.onwar.com/aced/nation/hat/hungary/fhungary1848.htm>. "Treaty of Trianon." - New World Encyclopedia. Web. 18 Mar. 2012. <http://www.newworldencyclopedia.org/entry/Treaty_of_Trianon>. Works cited