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Government Involvement in Reactions to the French Revolution and Western Expansion

Explore the role of the "new" government in reactions to the French Revolution, including alliances with France and conflicts with Great Britain. Discover the impact of treaties such as Jay's Treaty and Pinckney's Treaty, as well as the Alien and Sedition Acts. Learn about the death of George Washington and the challenges posed by the Northwest Territory.

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Government Involvement in Reactions to the French Revolution and Western Expansion

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  1. #3 - What type of involvement did the “new” government have with other nations?

  2. Reactions to the French Revolution • French Revolution: • Jacobins takeover in France - declare war on Monarchies (Britain included!) • U.S. had an alliance with France (1778) • Federalists - pro-British • Democratic-Republicans - pro-French • Washington declares neutrality will not support either side

  3. Genet Affair • France sends ambassador Edmund Genet to US • Did not present credentials to Washington • Begins to recruit an army in US to fight Great Britain • Becomes “persona non grata”

  4. Jay’s Treaty - 1794 Chief Justice John Jay negotiates treaty with Great Britain • Continued conflict with GB and over who controlled the Northwest Territory and the Ohio River Valley • Great Britain agrees to evacuate forts in the Northwest Territory

  5. American’s Did not Like the Treaty • British could continue fur trade on US side of Canadian border in the NW Territory • Treaty did not address our shipping problems • British did not recognize our neutrality. • Treaty did not solve GB confiscating US ships and their crews (impressment)

  6. Pinckney’s Treaty - 1795 • Thomas Pinckney negotiates treaty with Spain • Pinckney successful! • Spain gives up all land east of the Mississippi River except Florida • Florida-U.S. boundary set at 31st parallel • Mississippi River open to U.S. traffic WHY IS THIS TREATY IMPORTANT? Paved expansion into the Appalachians.

  7. The General Says Goodbye • By stepping down he establishes a two term tradition for the Office of President • During the speech he gives advice for the future of the nation

  8. Goodbye to the General! Washington’s Farewell Address • 2 most important points • Stay out of affairs with Europe - leads to war • Avoid political parties that divide the nation Because of two issues that divided the country – financial policy and the French Revolution

  9. Mount Vernon, VirginiaHome Sweet Home

  10. #4 - Who Will Lead the Nation Now? First Party-Based Elections • 1796: John Adams (Federalist) elected president • Jefferson (Democratic-Republican) vice-president • Result of sectionalism, placing regional interests above nation

  11. What do the results shown on this map say about sectionalism?

  12. Conflict with France XYZ Affair-Millions for defense, not one cent for tribute” • French: Jay’s Treaty violation of alliance - seize U.S. ships • U.S. Diplomat to France to meet with Talleyrand but sent 3 low level officials • “X,Y,Z” demand bribe ($250K!) to see Tallyrand • U.S. furious: Adams requests money to build a Navy • Undeclared naval war (Qasi war) between France/U.S. for two years – seizing of ships • Federalists: Want War; Dem-Rep: Don’t • Adams disagreed and kept US out of war.

  13. The Alien and Sedition Acts - 1798 • Federalists fear French plot to overthrow U.S. government • Federalists suspicious of immigrants: • many are active Democratic-Republicans • some are critical of Adams • Federalists push Alien and Sedition Acts through Congress

  14. The Alien and Sedition Acts - 1798 • Alien Acts: raise residence requirement for citizenship (5 to 14 years); permit deportation/jail if undesirable

  15. The Sedition Act • Sedition Act: fines, jail terms for saying anything false, damaging, scandalous about government • Federal Government sentences 25– What does that mean for the Dem-Rep’s?

  16. Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions • Jefferson, Madison see Alien and Sedition Acts as misuse of power • Organize opposition in Virginia, Kentucky legislatures • Resolutions call acts violation of First Amendment rights – say states can nullify laws.

  17. Doctrine of Nullification • Doctrine of Nullification—states have right to void laws deemed unconstitutional

  18. The Death of Washington 1732-99 • Washington dies December 14, 1799 • Alien & Sedition Acts will lead to Adams’ loss of the Presidency • Adams and Jefferson don’t reconcile for decades – both die the same day – July 4, 1826 – 50th Anniversary of the Declaration of Independence. • Adams age 91, Jefferson age 83

  19. Northwest Territory Issues • British presence still in NW and supporting Native Americans • Miami chieftain – Little Turtle – defeat US armies sent to help settlers. • “Mad” Anthony Wayne defeats Miami Confederation at Fallen Timbers

  20. Treaty of Greenville • Treaty of Greenville – Indians give up most of their land in Ohio.

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