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US Government

US Government. Chapter 1 Principals of Government. Essential features of a State. Nation - a group of people who share a common belief system, culture and language. State - a political unit made up on of one or many nations. (Country)

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US Government

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  1. US Government Chapter 1 Principals of Government

  2. Essential features of a State Nation - a group of people who share a common belief system, culture and language. State - a political unit made up on of one or many nations. (Country) Can you have more than one nation living inside a state?

  3. Essential features of a State Four main components of a State 1 - Population - a state must have people 2 - Territory - recognized boarders 3 - Sovereignty - the ability to make its own laws and have those laws recognized by other states 4- Government -an organization that makes and enforces its public policy

  4. Different types of Governments Unitary system - A centralized government in which all powers belong to a sing central agency. Federal system - a government whose powers are divided between a central government and local governments What is the purpose of a federal government?

  5. Economic Conditions Developed nation - as nation that is industrialized and manufactures products Developing nation - a nation that has not been industrialized and does not manufacture products - agrarian societies, sustenance farming What is the relationship between developed nations and developing nations?

  6. Other groups who Influence States Political Organizations - United Nations, PLO, IRA Multinational Corporations - Bear Sterns, AIG, McDonalds International Organizations - OPEC, CARE, UNICEF

  7. Purposes of Governments Why are governments important 1. Maintain Social Order 2. Provide public Services 3. Provide National Security 4. Provide and control and economic system

  8. Politics and Government Politics - use of strategy in obtaining any position of power or control People seek benefits from government How do people use politics to obtain benefits from government?

  9. Constitutions and Governments Constitution - a plan that provides the rules for government. Purposes of a Constitution 1. Sets out common beliefs of the people 2. Establishes structure for government 3. Provides a supreme law for the state A country that gives their constitution the authority to place limits on the powers of those who govern are called Limited Governments

  10. Question for thought It makes no difference what kind of government a country has as long as the citizens are safe, well-fed and comfortable. Agree or Disagree

  11. Types of Governments Autocracy - Rule by one person Oligarchy - Rule by a few people Democracy - Rule by many people

  12. Types of Autocracies • Totalitarian Dictatorship - a person seizes power for himself by force and controls the government by his own will. • Monarchy • Absolute Monarch - power to govern is held by the king alone • Constitutional Monarch (limited Monarch) power of the king is governed by a constitution

  13. Oligarchies Governments run by a few select individuals. Communist countries Religious governments Elitist Governments

  14. Democracies Direct Democracy - all people vote on all issues - too complicated for everyday person to understand - too time consuming Representative Democracy - people represent others to vote on issues for the Republic - voters hold the sovereign power to elect representatives

  15. Democracies Characteristics of democracies 1. Individual liberty - people are free to make their own choices 2. Majority Rule with Minority Rights - people are protected from the rule of the majority if it is harmful or dangerous 3. Free Elections - people are allowed to vote freely and power is exchanged without violence 4. Competing political parties - groups of individuals with broad common interests

  16. Needs for a True Democracy Favorable economy - no one who is starving cares about how the country is being run Widespread Education - if you can not educate yourself about the issues, you really will not care about issues Social Consensus - people sharing the same belief system (individual liberty and equality for all)

  17. Economic Systems Role of an economic system - three basic economic questions 1. What goods and services will be produced 2. How will those goods and services be produces 3. Who will receive those goods and services

  18. Economic system Capitalism - Main characteristics Private ownership Free enterprise - ability to trade freely Competition among business - no monopolies Freedom of choice - government does not interfere in creation of products Possibility for profits

  19. Economic Systems Socialism - Main characteristics Equally distribute wealth Governmental control of production Public ownership of land, factories and other means of production Democratic Socialism - people have free elections, but those elected control the economy

  20. Economic Systems Communism - one class of people who hold all property in common. To each according to his needs, from each according to his ability - Karl Marx Command economy - government decides the answer to the three basic economic questions

  21. Assignment Vocabulary Page 24 Questions 1 - 10

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