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Political geography II

Explore the intricacies of political geography, including boundaries and border disputes, domestic politics, and electoral patterns. Learn about the limits of sovereignty, the role of national boundaries, and the dynamics of artificial and natural boundaries. Understand how boundaries can both divide and unite, and how they can be sites of conflict. Delve into the internal structure of states, whether unitary or federal, and the significance of core areas. Gain insights into the political landscapes of different countries.

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Political geography II

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  1. Political geography II • Boundaries and border disputes • Domestic political geography • Electoral geography: voting patterns

  2. National boundaries • Limits of sovereignty • Three-dimensional • 14 miles of ocean; 200 miles of fishing rights • Frontier zones vs. boundaries

  3. “Natural” or physical boundaries • Mountains • Often a barrier anyway • Ridgeline or watershed? • Rivers or lakes • Not always stable; which side? • Can unite as well as divide

  4. Figure 9.15 (Chile/Argentina)

  5. “Artificial” or cultural boundaries • Geometric • Parallels or meridians • Typically sparsely settled • Religious or linguistic • Criteria for dividing states

  6. Antecedent vs. subsequent • Antecedent: drawn before dense settlement • Subsequent: after cultural landscape is established • Consequent: take landscape into account • Superimposed: no regard for cultural landscape

  7. Figure 9.5 (Africa)

  8. Boundaries as sites of conflict • Landlocked states • Water as boundary • Rivers across boundaries • Nations not matching state boundaries • Resource access or use

  9. Internal state structure • Core area: historical center • Densest population, largest cities • Most economically developed • Ex.: Moscow, London, eastern U.S. • Not found in all countries

  10. Unitary vs. federal states • Unitary: highly centralized, homogeneous • Strong national identity • Centralization in core area • European cores, newly independent states

  11. Unitary vs. federal states • Federal: decentralized government • Provinces or states have considerable responsibility • Capital often deliberately created in core, or periphery

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