Integrated Waste Management in Cornwall

1. Integrated Waste Management in Cornwall Peter Wright, Head of Development, SITA UK 27th July 2006

2. Agenda • SITA UK • SITA UK in Cornwall • Solution • Landfill • HWRC • RTS • Composting • EfW • Questions

3. SITA UK Leading UK Waste Management Company 5,000 Employees 480 £ Million Turnover 10 Million Tonnes of Waste 79 Local Authority Contracts 3 Long Term Integrated Waste PFI contracts 4 Long Term Treatment PFI/PPP contracts 4 Energy from Waste Plants 10 Materials Recycling/Sorting Facilities 12 Composting Plants 36 Active landfills 45 Refuse Transfer Stations 97 Household Waste Recycling Centres 1,900 Vehicles 35,000 Commercial Customers

4. SITA UK in CORNWALL • Contract start Date 1/10/2006 for 30 years • Amount of waste to be handled - 330,000 tpa • CCC has been awarded £25 million in PFI support from DEFRA • Integrated Waste Management solution • Household waste recycling centres • Composting • Recycling • Transfer stations • Energy from waste • Final disposal • Collection not included

5. SITA UK in CORNWALL Delivering a recycling led approach to waste management • Establish an Integrated Waste Management contract that provides most benefits or least damage to the environment, at acceptable cost in the long term as well as short term (BPEO) • Minimise waste arising • Promote waste awareness in partnership with the Waste Collection Authorities • Encourage the utilisation of recycled material within Cornwall • Increase recycling and composting to achieve 40% target by 2010 • Maximise diversion of waste from landfill to comply with the European Landfill Directive • Provide sufficient waste processing and treatment capacity to deal with waste in Cornwall

6. SITA UK in CORNWALL A single waste company Integrating:

7. Solution • Landfills (LFs) • Mothball Connon Bridge landfill • Divert all waste to United Mines and increase permitted annual tonnage to achieve requisite 2010 closure • Refuse Transfer Stations (RTSs) • Redevelopment of four existing RTSs (St Erth, Newquay, St Austell, Bangors) • Planning and licence applications, development of new RTSs in Scorrier, Launceston (replacing Bangors), Liskeard • Materials Recycling Facilities (MRFs) • Redevelopment of two existing MRFs as necessary to accommodate increased kerbside recycling activity • Household Waste Recycling Facilities (HWRC) • Improvement of existing HWRC sites and increase in landfill diversion • Development of three replacement and three new HWRC sites

8. Solution • Open Windrow Composting (OWCs) • SITA Cornwall will compost 90 per cent of all green waste received from the district councils: • Four existing composting facilities will be used at Cambourne, Saltash, St Erth and Wadebridge • Energy from Waste Plant (EfW) • Requires planning permission from County Council and licence to operate from Environment Agency • Assuming those are obtained we would expect the EfW facility to begin operating in 2011/12. • As part of a contract but outside the PFI • Three refuse transfer stations dedicated to Industrial & Commercial waste (Lee Mill, Domellick, Dudnance Lane) • Three recycling banks (Dudnance Lane, St Ives, Bowithick)

9. Material Recycling Composting Buys LATS EfW Landfill Sells LATS Solution

10. Energy from Waste Delivering a proven solution • SITA UK will deliver a solution that optimises material recovery and moves the county away from its dependency in landfill • Landfill will continue to play a role in waste management but SITA UK will deliver an alternative through EfW • EfW will deliver a ‘tried and tested’ alternative to landfill • EfW will bring a number of other benefits including electricity, heat and aggregate for road building • Experience in Europe shows that EfW and recycling can co-exist Energy from Waste plant – Isle of Man SITA position paper on Energy from Waste technology available on http://www.sita.co.uk/downloads

11. Energy from Waste – Cross Section of Plant

12. Energy from Waste – Process Flow

13. Energy from Waste • Alternative to landfill • European, national and local strategy focus on moving away from long-term reliance on landfill disposal • Targets • Based on 1995 landfill diversion rates of biodegradable municipal waste disposed to landfill • By 2010: 75% • By 2013: 50% • By 2020: 30% • Cornwall currently produces approx. 330,000t of municipal waste • Projected to rise to between 460,000t and 630,000t by 2036 • By 2020, only 51,000t will be able to be sent to landfill • Alternatives to landfill are needed • Landfill capacity is quickly running out in Cornwall • United Mines will close in 2010 • Connon Bridge has limited capacity • Produces electricity and in some case heat • Combined heat and power plant • Proposed plant to produce 16.6 Mwe net for export into national grid • Enough power to supply energy to 15,000 homes • Market for heat produced at Rostowrack site only

14. Energy from Waste • Size • Capacity of 240,000 tonnes per year (Cornwall’s waste only) • Calculated on waste expected to be produced in Cornwall by 2010 using following assumptions: • 2% growth in waste volumes 2006 – 2010, then 1% growth 2010 onwards (conservative) • Up to 30% recycling by 2014, then 32% recycling 2014 onwards • Waste will still be sent to landfill at these rates, even with EfW plant at full capacity • What if recycling rates increase more than projected? • Increase to 40%, waste can still be diverted from landfill to supply plant • Recycling rates at 50% will mean plant can take a small amount of 175,000t of commercial waste generated in Cornwall • This waste is currently sent to landfill • What if waste volumes increase by more than two percent per year? • No commercial waste will need to be taken • There will never be any need to import waste to feed plant • One plant more cost-effective and deliverable than constructing and running a number smaller plants

15. Cornwall’s Predicted Municipal Waste Volumes

16. Energy from Waste • Location • Area of search outlined in Cornwall’s Waste Local Plan • Identified four main criteria for the consideration of sites • Potential to be rail served • Potential for heat usage i.e. of supplying heat to local users and so operating in combined heat and power (CHP) mode • Access to the main road network • Access to the electricity grid network • As part of the development of the Cornwall Waste Development Framework and following recent planning guidance (PPS 10) further site selection criteria were added • Preference of brownfield sites over greenfield • Availability of site – is land owner prepared to release site for development? • Following an extensive site finding exercise, the Draft Report on Preferred Options of the Cornwall Waste Development Framework identifies 4 potential locations for an EFW facility: • Rocks Dryers • Rostowrack Farm • Victoria Business Park • Wheal Remfry

17. Potential Energy from Waste Sites Table provided by CCC *Subject to satisfactory agreement with Highways **This site is actually 2 sites but one is unavailable (landowner does not wish to sell) ***This site is however identified in the adopted Cornwall Minerals Local Plan (1998) as a site for the development of plant ancillary to the china clay industry

18. Energy from Waste • Regulations • Planning permission required from Cornwall County Council • PPC permit from the Environment Agency based on Waste Incineration Directive 2000 • Determines licence to operate • Limits allowable emissions • Emissions • EfW plants more strictly regulated than most other processes, including coal and gas fired power stations • All combustion processes produce emissions, e.g. bonfires, fireworks, transport • The National Society for Clean Air estimates that just 1% of the UK’s total annual dioxin emissions come from modern waste incineration while 14% come from bonfires and fireworks. • Regulated by Waste Incineration Directive 2000 • Came fully into force in 2005 • Plant must demonstrate it can operate within allowable emission limits in order to obtain licence to operate • Regular monitoring ensures plant continues to operate within licence • Any non compliance must be reported to the Environment Agency and satisfactorily resolved

19. Energy from Waste • Traffic • Deliveries to the site will be during normal daytime working hours • Thorough survey on approach roads to be conducted by the County’s Highways department • Highways issues will be dealt with through the planning process • Noise • Noise survey commissioned to monitor background noise in St Dennis area • Recycling • EfW does not squeeze out recycling or waste minimisation efforts • Even at 50% recycling, Cornwall still produces more waste than plant can manage • Denmark: 30% recycling, 58% EfW, 12% landfill • Switzerland: 39% recycling, 47% EfW, 14% landfill SITA EfW site in Rambouillet, France

20. Energy from Waste in Europe • Switzerland • Since 2000, all flammable waste is incinerated - landfill forbidden • 28 EfW plants - Total capacity: 3.29 million tonnes • Production of electricity for 250,000 households • Production of heat leading to a decrease in fuel importations up to 215,000 tonnes • Germany • 66 EfW plants – Total capacity: 16.9 millions tonnes • 36% of household waste incinerated • France • 128 EfW plants – Total capacity: 12 millions tonnes • 42% of household waste incinerated • UK • 15 plants • 9% of household waste incinerated in 2004/2005

21. Energy from Waste in Europe • Evidence from Europe indicates that high recycling (including composting) rates can be sustained alongside high incineration rates.

22. Thank you Any questions?