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Psychological Perspectives (lenses)

Psychological Perspectives (lenses). How do we explain behavior and mental processes?. BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE. View behavior and mental processes to be a result of nervous system activity (particularly the brain)

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Psychological Perspectives (lenses)

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  1. Psychological Perspectives (lenses) How do we explain behavior and mental processes?

  2. BIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE • View behavior and mental processes to be a result of nervous system activity (particularly the brain) • Certain parts of the brain are active when we do different activities or think different things. • Interested in the influence of genes, hormones and chemicals on behavior/thoughts.

  3. What does your body feel?What does your mind think?What does it make you do?

  4. HUMANISTIC PERSPECTIVE • Stresses • human ability of self-fulfillment • importance of self-awareness • ability to make choices • People are free to choose their own behavior • People are basically good and will do what is in our own interests

  5. Problems with this? • Are people always honest? • Can you measure and observe this?

  6. LEARNING PERSPECTIVE • Also called “behaviorist perspective” • People learn by observing others and seeing the effects of certain behaviors • People will act in a certain way when they recognize the situation that calls for a certain behavior.

  7. What works for you? • If someone speaks to you in a hostile manner, how do you respond? • If the only time you get attention is when you do something bad, …….? • In short, people will behavior in such a way that gets them what they want and makes them happy.

  8. COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE • “Know Thyself” – Introspection • Like a computer, people will perceive information, process the information and solve problems to know how to act. • Behavior influenced by your interpretation of the information.

  9. Problems with this? • Doesn’t take emotions into account. • Assumes people are robots who think everything through.

  10. PSYCHOANALYTIC PERSPECTIVE • Stresses importance of unconscious forces on human behavior. • People have certain emotions as a result of a situation we encounter. We seek to hide our emotions because it might make us look bad. • Sometimes it just comes out!

  11. You’re fighting with your mother… …and you know you better not talk back to her, even though that’s what you want to do. …so you say “O Bother!” instead of “O Mother!”

  12. SOCIOCULTURAL PERSPECTIVE • Behavior and mental processes are influenced by: • Ethnicity • Gender • Culture • Socioeconomic status • People of different backgrounds have different experiences, values, goals, etc.

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