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Six Psychological Perspectives

Six Psychological Perspectives. Psychological Perspectives. Behaviour can be viewed from different viewpoints There are 6 dominant perspectives or ‘schools of thought’

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Six Psychological Perspectives

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  1. Six Psychological Perspectives

  2. Psychological Perspectives • Behaviour can be viewed from different viewpoints • There are 6 dominant perspectives or ‘schools of thought’ • Each will have a different explanation for behaviour – ex: if a person helps a stranger pick up a spilled bag of groceries; why do some people help when others don’t?

  3. Cognitive Psychology • Focuses on how people think • How we process information • Remembering something you have learned is a cognitive activity • With this perspective – helping a stranger may be due to how we think about or interpret a situation • We may help the shopper because we think it will make us look good to others • Don’t help – may be because we think it will make us look silly

  4. Biological Perspective • Tries to understand behaviour by studying the biological structures and substances underlying a certain behaviour, thought or emotion • Explain helping behaviour by a natural ‘feel-good’ chemical in the brain • Those lacking normal amounts of this chemical may be depressed – therefore not help the stranger

  5. Social-Cultural Perspective • School of thought focusing on how thinking and behaviour changes depending on the setting or situation • Helping behaviour more likely to occur if you’re with some friends or 50 feet from your front door (place/people are familiar) • Helping behaviour less likely if in crowded places, big-cities where people are unfamiliar (you might already feel uncomfortable)

  6. Behavioural Perspectvie • Believe we learn certain responses through rewards, punishments and obersvation • Eg: Dwight + Jim • Helping behaviour might occur because the person has observed someone being rewarded for helpful behaviour

  7. Humanistic Perspective • Consider how healthy people strive to reach their full potential • People may help others if they have met their safety and physiological needs (hunger, thirst, shelter)

  8. Psychodynamic • Basis from psychoanalytic (Freud) • Consider how our helping behaviour comes from unconscious drives and conflicts • Helping behaviour comes from an unfulfilled childhood wish to have your mom accept your offer to help

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