170 likes | 327 Views
Subarachnoid hemorrhage. Causes : -Trauma -Spontaneous , ruptured aneurysms ,AVM , vacuities , tumors, coagulation disorders ,cerebral artery dissection , sickle cell disease , drugs , spinal AVM. Aneurysmal SAH. ANNUAL RATE 10-30%
E N D
Subarachnoid hemorrhage Causes : -Trauma -Spontaneous , ruptured aneurysms ,AVM , vacuities , tumors, coagulation disorders ,cerebral artery dissection , sickle cell disease , drugs , spinal AVM
Aneurysmal SAH ANNUAL RATE 10-30% 10%DIE BEORE REACHIUNG THE HOSPITAL Peak age 55-60 years 20% can occur in age 15-45y Old age has a higher proportion with a severe neurological grade
Risk factors for SAH Hypertension Oral contraceptives Substance abuse pregnancy and parturition
Outcome 10% die 10%mortality within first few days 30% moderate to severe disability
Clinical picture Headache Meningismus Coma Ocular haemorrhage
Investigations Images LP ANGIO MR-ANGIO
GRADING SAH Hunt& Hess G1 asymptomatic G2 moderate to severe headache nuchal rigidity G3 confusion G4 Stupor moderate to severe hemiparasis G5 deep coma
Management Concerns Monitoring and tubes Admitting orders I V fluids Medication Oxygen Hyponatremia& cardiac problems
Rebleeding Vasospasm( DIND)
TREATMENT OF VASOSPASM PREVENTION HYPERDYNAMIC THERAPY Hypertension , hypervolemia hemodilution
Cerebral aneurysm Treatment options