Presentation Package for Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 9e

1. Presentation Package for Concepts of Fitness & Wellness 9e Section VIII Making Informed Choices

2. Concept 22 Cancer, Diabetes, & Other Health Threats Many health problems that cause pain, suffering, and premature death are associated with unhealthy lifestyles.

3. Online Learning Center Discussion Activity Presentation Overview • Cancer • Diabetes • Injuries • Emotional disorders • Principles of Prevention

4. Sources Contributing to Early Death HEALTH CARE LIFESTYLE HEREDITY ENVIRONMENT

5. Causes of Death in Young Adults • Injuries • Homicide • Suicide • Accidents • AIDS

6. Cancer • Disease of the DNA • 2ndleading causeof death • Over 100 different types, but the “Big 4” account for more than half of the illness and death caused by cancer

7. 30 P E R 25 C E N T 20 O 15 F 10 C A N 5 C E R S 0 Lung Breast Colo-Rectal Blood/Lymph Pancreas Ovarian Others Death Rates From Cancer (Women)

8. P 35 E R C 30 E N 25 T 20 O F 15 C 10 A N 5 C E R 0 S Lung Prostate Colo-Rectal Blood/Lymph Pancreas Urinary Others Death Rates from Cancer (Men)

9. Causes of Cancer Med. Products Industrial Prod. Nearly 65% of all cancers are related to diet and tobacco! Pollution Geophysical Alcohol Occupation Sexual Behav. Tobacco Diet 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35

10. Reducing Risks of Cancer Click for Lab 22a info • Do not smoke or chew tobacco • Eat a good diet • avoid high fat foods • eat high fiber foods and cruciferous vegetables • avoid smoked or cured foods • limit alcohol intake • Get regular physical activity • Decrease exposure to carcinogens • radon, asbestos, carbon monoxide, pollution, pesticides, X-rays, sunlight Click for info onenvironmental carcinogens

11. Click for Lab 22b info Screening Guidelines for Cancer • Women: • Breast self-exam: monthly • Mammogram: Baseline before 40, annual • Pap test / pelvic exam: annual • Men • Testicular self-exam: monthly • Prostate exam: annual • Both: • Sigmoidoscopy: after 50 - every 3-5 years • Skin cancer check: as recommended by physician

12. Slip, Slop, Slap, and Wrap The Road to Skin Cancer A B C D E F Photo: Creative Commons Flickr

13. Acronym for Early Warning Signs of Cancer • C Changes in bowel or bladder habits • AA sore that does not heal • U Unusual bleeding or discharge • T Thickening or lump in a body area • I Indigestion or difficulty swallowing • O Obvious change in a wart or mole • N Nagging cough or hoarseness

14. Diabetes Mellitus • A leading cause of morbidity and mortality • Increased risk of CHD • Increased risk of kidney failure • Increased risk of blindness • Increased risk of circulatory problems

15. Types of Diabetes Mellitus • Pre-diabetes • Blood glucose levels 101-125 • Diabetes - blood glucose >125 • Type I (juvenile onset) • Pancreas fails to produce insulin • Type II (adult onset) (95% of diabetics) • Lack of sensitivity to insulin • Often caused by obesity

16. Reducing Diabetes Risk • Low fat / low sugar diet • Maintain healthy weight • Regular exercise Photo: Creative Commons Flickr

17. Injuries • 5th leading cause of death among people of all ages • Leading cause of death among younger segments of the population • Alcohol is “intimately associated” with the causes and severity of injuries • Steps to reduce injuries

18. Mental (Emotional) Disorders • Types of Mental Disorders • Suicide • Schizophrenia • Sleep disorders • Panic disorders, alcohol & other drug problems, personality disorders, & phobias • Depression (more on next slide)

19. Depression • Feelings of guilt, hopelessness, low self-esteem, and dejection • Trouble sleeping, loss of appetite • Lack of interest in social activities, lack of interest in sex, and inability to concentrate • Treatment of Depression • Exercising regularly • More social contact • Changing situation • Setting realistic goals • Stress-management techniques

20. Principles of Prevention • Self-assessments and regular medical exams • Staying current with new health information • Adhering to sound medical advice is important for disease prevention and treatment

21. Online Learning Center Supplemental Information Lab Information Discussion Activity

22. Lab 22a InformationDetermining Your Cancer Risk Return to presentation • Complete the cancer risk profile • Calculate summary risk scores for each cancer subtype • Discuss whether there is any preventive action you can take to reduce your risk of cancer in the future

23. Lab 22b InformationBreast and Testicular Self-Exams Return to presentation • Complete the appropriate test for your gender • Answer questions based on how you perceive your ability to conduct this regular test

24. Click for more info on pesticides Environmental Carcinogens Return to presentation • Radon: leaches out of soil • Asbestos: used in older types of insulation • Carbon monoxide: found in cigarettes and produced in auto emissions • X-rays • Pesticides

25. Reducing Exposure to Pesticides Return to presentation • Buy organic produce • Buy local produce • Buy seasonal produce • Wash all produce • Eat lower on food chain Photo: Creative Commons Flickr

26. Return to presentation Discussion Activity When you hear “cancer prevention,” what comes to mind?