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Fertility Management and Nitrogen Reduction for Gulf Hypoxia

This article discusses the role of fertility management in reducing nitrogen transport to water resources and meeting Gulf hypoxia reduction targets. It examines the impact of increasing corn yields with steady fertilizer rates and the importance of practices such as riparian buffers, drainage management, row crop land retirement, and N sink wetlands. The need for scaling up N sink wetlands deployment in Iowa is also highlighted.

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Fertility Management and Nitrogen Reduction for Gulf Hypoxia

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  1. USDA/ARS National Soil Tilth Laboratory 2004

  2. Gulf Hypoxia Goals Reduce average to 5000 km2 by 2015 • 2001 Hypoxia Action Plan - 30% N reduction target • Updated Gulf Science – 35-45%, up to 55% & 60% N reduction, P reduction • SAB report 8/27/07 – at least 45% reductions of both N and P

  3. 2001-2005 Nitrogen Loadings to the Gulf • 32% N reduction – “previous” regression method for USGS monitoring data • 21% N loading reduction – “new” regression method for USGS monitoring data • No corresponding change in size of zone

  4. Role of fertility management to reduce N transport to water resources and to meet Gulf hypoxia N reduction targets? Impact of annually increasing corn yields with steady fertilizer rates? Excess nutrients?

  5. Iowa’s Statewide Nutrient Budget

  6. Iowa Statewide Hypoxia Strategy Dean’s 10/15/07 Strawman N Reduction Target 45%, at least Improved fertility mgmt 10% Riparian buffers <1% Drainage management ?? Not discovered practices ?? Row crop land retirement ?? N sink wetlands 30+%

  7. Needed “Scaling” of N Sink WetlandDeployment • Current Iowa CREP – 20 sites/year • Adoption level to achieve 40-50% reduction of statewide NO3 transport to water resources for Gulf hypoxia goal 3,000 – 10,000 N sink wetland sites in Iowa

  8. 478 sites 10,000 sites

  9. 1993 – 2007 IDALS Funding of N-sink wetland research, ISU SFY2002 $3,000,000 appropriation CREP Signing Ceremony at Iowa State Fair Individual 404 permits required & initiate programmatic agreements for RP CREP discussion initiated with FSA SFY2001 $3,000,000 appropriation CREP Engineering outsourced NRCS designs first 6 sites under NWP 27 First sites approved through Regional Permit #34 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2000 Iowa legislature pass water initiative – includes CREP SFY2001 ($2,990,583) de-appropriation SFY2002 ($2,965,465) de-appropriation Dedicated CREP Field/ Landowner Contact Support Regional Permit #34 issued 20 CREP wetland projects constructed to date – 6 under NWP 27, 14 under individual 404 permits

  10. Regulatory Economics Deappropriation ? CREP Progress 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

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