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The Kidney and Nephron Chapter 20

The Kidney and Nephron Chapter 20. Location. Kidney Structure. Kidney Function. Regulate volume, composition, and pH of body fluids Remove metabolic wastes from blood and excrete (mainly N and S compounds from protein metabolism) Control rate of rbc formation -erythropoietin

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The Kidney and Nephron Chapter 20

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  1. The Kidney and Nephron Chapter 20

  2. Location

  3. Kidney Structure

  4. Kidney Function • Regulate volume, composition, and pH of body fluids • Remove metabolic wastes from blood and excrete (mainly N and S compounds from protein metabolism) • Control rate of rbc formation -erythropoietin • Regulate blood pressure - renin • Absorbs Ca2+ and activates vitamin D

  5. Dialysis Peritoneal Dialysis Hemodialysis

  6. Blood Supply

  7. Renal Artery & Vein = contain 15-30% of total cardiac output

  8. Nephron aka –Bowman’s Capsule aka -Loop of Henle

  9. Glomerulus

  10. Glomerulus

  11. Juxtaglomerular Apparatus Renin secretion – regulates [Na+ ] and therefore, blood volume

  12. Collecting Duct = simple cuboidal epithelium Tubules D=distal P=proximal

  13. Urine Formation 180 L of fluids are filtered every 24 hours!

  14. Urine Formation Overview Blood pressure causes filtration by size of molecule

  15. Blood Filtration • Water • Electrolytes • Glucose • Urea

  16. Urine Composition • Urea • By- product of aa catabolism • Reflects amt. of protein in diet • Contributes to water reabsorption • Uric Acid • By- product of nucleic acid catabolism (A & G) • Filtered out in glomerulus • Cause of Gout • 90% is Water • Volume varies with fluid intake and environment • Creatinine • Waste product of muscle action • Trace amounts of: • Amino acids, electrolyes, glucose

  17. Gout

  18. Gout

  19. Urinary Excretion in Nephron

  20. ADH – antidiuretic hormone Regulates water volume - Makes DCT permeable to water for reabsorption Secreted when dehydrated = more concentrated urine

  21. Alcohol Decreases ADH, which decreases water reabsorption Decreases Na+ absorption, which decreases amount of water you will hold. Caffeine

  22. Kidney Stones

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