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Osteoporosis. Osteoporosis means “ porous bones” . Osteoporosis is the underlying cause of 1.5 million fractures every year; Spinal vertebral fractures are the most common type of osteoporosis - related fracture. More than 10 million Americans have osteoporosis;
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Osteoporosis means “porous bones” • Osteoporosis is the underlying cause of 1.5 million fractures every year; • Spinal vertebral fractures are the most common type of osteoporosis - related fracture • More than 10 million Americans have osteoporosis; • Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by progressive loss of bone calcium, thinning and weakening of bone tissue and increased vulnerability to fractures
Spinach Calcium: The key to strong bones and lifelong bone health! Yogurt Milk Orange juice Salmon
Vitamin D and Parathyroid Hormone Imbalances • Child with Rickets; • Vitamin D deficiency can cause • rickets – knock knee, bow leg
Primary and Secondary Osteoporosis • Primary osteoporosis is usually • age-related and associated with the postmenopausal decline in estrogen levels, or related to calcium and vitamin D insufficiency; • Secondary osteoporosis is • osteoporosis caused by other conditions, such as hormonal imbalances, diseases, or medications
Risk Factors for primary Osteoporosis • Lifestyle Factors • Low body weight - Osteoporosis is more common in people who have a small, thin body frame and bone structure • Family history of fractures associated with osteoporosis • Menopause - Estrogen may have an impact on bone density in various ways, including slowing bone breakdown (resorption) • Age over 65; • Aging causes bones to thin and weaken • Female gender - Seventy percent of people with osteoporosis are women; • Men start with higher bone density and lose calcium at a slower rate than women
Risk Factors for primary Osteoporosis Dietary Factors • However, if you’re not consuming enough calcium, your body will get it in a different way, pulling it from your bones where it’s stored. That’s why diet is key Tobacco and alcohol use • Smoking can affect calcium absorption and estrogen levels; • Consuming too much alcohol can also put people at risk for falls and breaks Exercise • Lack of exercise and a sedentary lifestyle increases the risk for osteoporosis Lack of Sunlight • Vitamin D is made in the skin using energy from the ultraviolet rays in sunlight; Vitamin D is necessary for the absorption of calcium in the stomach and gastrointestinal tract and is the essential companion to calcium in maintai-ning strong bones
What happens to vertebrae (bones of the spine) as a result of osteoporotic fractures? • 1. Wedge fractures; • 2. Biconcave; • 3. Compression; • 4. Normal vertebrae