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The Cold War Unfolds

The Cold War Unfolds. Ch.30, Sec.1. Superpowers. After WWII – U.S. and S.U.  Superpowers! Cold War 40 years Opposing Military Alliances U.S. – NATO S.U. – Warsaw Pact Iron Curtain: dividing line between democratic West and communist East. Berlin Wall. West Germany – Democratic

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The Cold War Unfolds

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  1. The Cold War Unfolds Ch.30, Sec.1

  2. Superpowers • After WWII – U.S. and S.U.  Superpowers! • Cold War 40 years • Opposing Military Alliances • U.S. – NATO • S.U. – Warsaw Pact • Iron Curtain: dividing line between democratic West and communist East

  3. Berlin Wall • West Germany – Democratic • East Germany – Communist • Berlin: Capital of Germany (in East Germany) • W. Berlin – Democratic • Prosperous • E. Berlin – Communist • People flee to W. Berlin for jobs • 1961 – Berlin Wall built by E. Germany – concrete walls, barbed wire, guards

  4. Arms Race • By 1949 – both had nuclear weapons • By 2953 – both had hydrogen bombs • Mutually Assured Destruction (M.A.D.) = both powers would be destroyed if weapons were used • Anti-Ballistic Missiles (ABMs) = missiles that could shoot down other missiles • SALT = strategic arms limitation talks (1972, 1979) • Reagan’s “Star Wars” = missile defense • 1970s – Détente = relaxation of tensions (ends in 79 when S.U. invades Afghanistan)

  5. Cold War Gets Hot • Cuba Goes Communist (1959) • Fidel Castro – took away freedoms, many fled to Florida (90 miles) • Supported by S.U. • U.S. Attempts to bring down Castro • Bay of Pigs Invasion 1961 – epic fail! • Trade embargo on Cuba • Assassination attempts

  6. Cold War Gets Hot • 1962 – Cuban Missile Crisis • S.U. put nuclear missiles in Cuba • JFK ordered them removed, put naval blockade up • Tense 13 days of threat of nuclear war • S.U. removed missiles

  7. Comparison Chart Communist System Democratic Capitalist System The people and their elected representatives make decisions Market economy – private consumers and producers make most economic decisions and own most property The leadership values freedom and prosperity Consumers have a lot of choice due to competition • Communist party makes all political decisions • Command Economy – gov’t makes most economic decisions and owns most property • The leadership values obedience, discipline, and economic security • Few choices for consumers, shortages

  8. Cold War in U.S. • Containment = keeping communism w/in its existing boundaries and preventing it from spreading to other areas • Fallout shelters, air raid drills in schools • “Red Scare” = Americans feared that communists inside the US might try to overthrow the gov’t • Senator Joseph McCarthy – “McCarthyism” • Accused innocent people of communism, led to fear • Black list in Hollywood

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