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Southwest Asia

Explore how the influence of oil and religion has shaped modern Southwest Asia, bringing about conflicts and population relocations. Discover how oil wealth fuels change, leading to economic shifts and infrastructure improvements to meet global demand.

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Southwest Asia

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  1. Southwest Asia http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/middle_east.html

  2. Chapter 23: Today’s Issues: Southwest Asia • Oil and religion have shaped modern Southwest Asia, but they’ve also brought the region lasting, often devastating conflicts and challenges. • Section 1: Population Relocation • Section 2: Oil Wealth Fuels Change

  3. Section 1: Population Relocation • Economic growth brings foreign workers to the region. • Political factors have shifted the region’s population.

  4. New Industry Requires More Workers The Oil Boom Changes Economies and Lives • Life in Southwest Asia doesn’t change much from 1100–1900 • some people live in villages, cities; others live nomadic lives • Petroleum, natural gas discovered in early 20th century • Western oil companies leased land, brought in technology, workers • Oil profits bring wealth to countries, urbanization begins • road construction makes cities accessible and thousands migrate to cities for jobs Foreign Workers • Oil creates so many jobs that local workers can’t fill them all • oil companies employ “guest workers” from South, East Asia • In places, immigrant workers outnumber native workers • 90% of United Arab Emirates’ workers are immigrants

  5. Section 2: Oil Wealth Fuels Change • Oil wealth brings political and economic changes to the region. • To achieve a diversified economy, countries need to improve infrastructure and resource use.

  6. Meeting the Global Demand The Pros and Cons of “Black Gold” • Oil (“black gold”) fuels world industries, transportation, economies • strategic commodity—important resource nations will fight over • Region has 64% of world’s oil deposits, 34% of natural gas reserves • by 2020 will provide 50% of world demand • Oil prices rise, fall unpredictably; revenue not assured

  7. Using Oil Wealth to Diversify Developing Resources • Nations seek to diversify, develop non-oil resources, agriculture • governments build dams, dig wells to tap underground reservoirs • Saudi Arabia uses oil profits to improve agriculture, water supplies • Oman revives copper, chromium industries, reduces oil dependence Human Resources • Human resources—skills and talents of a nation’s people • nations must invest in people, including women • must provide education, technology training • Kuwait has free education through university level • Kuwait also pays fees, expenses if students study abroad

  8. Bibliography • McdougalLittell, World Geography. Houghton Mifflin Company. 2012

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