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Digestive System

Digestive System. Chapter 38. Parts of the system: Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, Large intestine Accessory organs: Salivary glands, pancreas, liver. Mouth: Teeth tears food into small bits and helps to mix saliva with the food

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Digestive System

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  1. Digestive System Chapter 38

  2. Parts of the system: • Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, Large intestine • Accessory organs: • Salivary glands, pancreas, liver

  3. Mouth: • Teeth tears food into small bits and helps to mix saliva with the food • Salvia from the salivary glands contain enzymes to begin the digestive process • Tongue will shape the food into a ball called a bolus, it’s now ready for swallowing

  4. Esophagus: also called the food tube • Peristalsis- muscle contractions that move food to the stomach

  5. Stomach: a sac that mixes food with enzymes and acids. Food is no longer a bolus, now called a chyme. A little bit of digestion • Cardiac sphincter- a round muscle found at the top of the stomach. Controls the flow of food into the stomach

  6. Pyloric sphincter: found at the end of the stomach. Controls the flow of food out of the stomach

  7. Small Intestines 3 parts • Duodenum, jejunum, ileum • Most digestion occurs here

  8. Villi- small fingerlike projections • Increase the amount of surface that food passes over • Villi contains blood vessels. Nutrients pass via diffusionfrom intestines to blood • Travels thru the body and nutrients diffuse out into cells that need the nutrients

  9. Accessory organs(no food goes thru them, but they aid in digestion) • Pancreas: produces sodium bicarbonate to reduce the acid from the stomach. Also produces insulin which regulates blood sugar • Liver: makes bile which breaks down fat. Bile is stored in the gall bladder

  10. Appendix- found on the lower right side. It is where the large and small intestines meet. May have once helped to break down cellulose

  11. Large Intestines (colon) • Parts of: Ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, rectum, anus • This is where e.coli resides. It feeds on undigested food and releases vit. K • Main function is to remove water from the undigested food

  12. End of notes for the year

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