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Effects and results of the First World War

Effects and results of the First World War. 9/11 & 9/12 DO NOW: Take out homework assignment – I will check at your desk!!!! Agenda : 1) Effects and results of the First World War Notes 2) Review. What were the main long term causes of WWI?. Militarism Alliances Nationalism Imperialism

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Effects and results of the First World War

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  1. Effects and results of the First World War 9/11 & 9/12 DO NOW: Take out homework assignment – I will check at your desk!!!! Agenda : 1) Effects and results of the First World War Notes 2) Review

  2. What were the main long term causes of WWI? • Militarism • Alliances • Nationalism • Imperialism • Industrial Revolution • Growing Populations • Empire Expansion

  3. What were the main short term causes of WWI? • Bosnian Crisis • Balkan Wars • Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand • Imperial Rivalry in Morocco • July Crisis / Mobilizaton

  4. What was the nature of the war from 1914- 1918? • Schlieffen Plan • Encirclement • Invasion of Belgium • Characteristics of war – technology / trench warfare / no mans land / stalemate / • Battle of Somme • Generals using tactics that were outdated

  5. For what reasons did the US get involved in WWI? • Unrestricted Submarine Warfare • Sinking of the Lusitania May 4 1915 – boat war carrying 4000 cases of ammunition • Zimmerman Telegram • Russian Revolution

  6. Why did Germany fail in WWI? • Turkey (Ottoman Empire) defeated by Britain • Austria defeated by Italy • Allied naval blockade • Arrival of American troops and equipment • German high command lost confidence • Woodrow Wilson offers peace plan

  7. What impact did the war have in provoking resistance and revolution? • David Lloyd George taking over in Britain • Russian Revolution • Russian troops leaving the front lines • German navy refusing to take orders at the end of the war • French ability and willingness to fight in WWII due to heavy casualties

  8. Effects & Results of the First World War • Millions of people died resulting in a dramatic effect on the nations involved and the people left behind • Political boundaries changed • Emergence of extreme right and left wing regimes • Social changes – attitude in women • Attitude toward humanity

  9. What political and territorial changes resulted from the First World War • Germany saw abdication of the Kaiser in Nov. 1918 = establishment of first lasting republican democracy in Germany • Russia experienced two revolutions = first communist state which would be led by Trotsky and Lenin and last until 1991 • Austro – Hungarian Empire fell apart • French Republic survived by faced instability • British Empire survived but faced growing nationalism in its colonies

  10. Europe Pre & Post WWI What major changes do these maps show? Do you think the territorial changes shown here were good for European stability?

  11. Winners and Losers • Countries with support of the victorious powers gained independence • Poland • Czechoslovakia • New states of Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, & Finland were freed from Russian control • Southern slavs got a federation, dominated by Serbia called Yugoslavia • Turkey lost lands to Arabia • Italy gained some lands but not all • Austria & Hungary became independent of one another • Germany lost land in the east and Alsace & Lorraine • Japan only found itself able to rule new territories it had gained in China

  12. Changes • Economic • Trading routes were dislocated by war with its blockades • Severe inflation – rise in prices • Loss of men meant a shortage of labour • Agriculture • After war world needed to get back to a peacetime economy • Agriculture had produced so much worldwide during the war but was not needed after the war leaving a gap • Industry – heavy industry (steel production) at a peak during war…not needed after the war leading to high unemployment

  13. Social Changes • Women • More women were needed for the workplace to keep up production levels • Women gained confidence with greater participation in the national effort • War brought freedom and mobility for women • Idea of a fairer society • Russian communism, Chinese Marxism, Nazi nationalism, and Italian fascism belief in a corporate state in which all classes and sectors of the economy work together

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