Violence Reduction “The Shared Agenda”

1. Violence Reduction “The Shared Agenda” John Carnochan QPM Detective Chief Superintendent Scottish Violence Reduction Unit

2. “More Law, Less Order”Prof Irvine Waller

3. “Truth springs from argument amongst friends” David Hume 1711-1776

4. Violence Challenge • Straightforward = Command and Control • Complicated = Management and Process • Wicked = Leadership and Change

5. The “How?” “Interpersonal violence – violence between individuals in families and communities – is a public health problem.” Etienne Krug Director Department of Injuries and Violence Prevention World health Organisation 2004

6. The “How” Identify risk / protectivefactors Research why it occurs Surveillance Systematic data collection Develop and evaluate interventions Find out what works. Implement Scale up and evaluate effective programmes

7. Partners: A&E Admissions

8. Understand Causes of Violence Two components to Violence: • The propensity to be violent - personal factors • The triggers of violence - social factors The Wave Report 2005 “Violence and what to do about it”

9. Deprivation

10. What do Employers Want? Percentage of Employers reporting an employee skill gap. Future Skills Bar Chart. See Future Skills Scotland Website, Employer Survey 2004, p27, fig 15.

11. Rates of Return to Human Capital Rates of Return to Human Capital Higher Education Secondary Primary Preschool

12. Public Health Model Relationship Individual Societal Community • Lack of communication skills • Poor behavioural control • Impulsiveness • Aggressive behaviour • Lack of skills to deal with conflict • Lack of “life” skills • Exclusion from Services/Schools • Nutrition Diet Health • Alcohol • Lack of employment opportunities • Parenting • Lack of knowledge • Friends that engage in violence • Prevalence of gang culture • Violent families – siblings/parents • Lack of significant adults/positive role model • Lack of punishment for pre cursor offences – knife carrying • Lack of visible swift justice • Links to deprivation • Scottishness • Cultural norms • Legitimisation of violence • Access to and use of alcohol • Lack of aspiration • Dependancy

13. The Big Seven • Enrich Early Years Experience • Develop Adolescent Life Skills • Reduce Access to Alcohol • Reduce Access to Lethal Means • Promote Gender Equality • Change Cultural and Social Norms • Victim Identification and support World Health Organisation Liverpool JMU

14. Purpose Government Economic Strategy National Outcomes NATIONAL PERFORMANCE SOAs LIFE JOURNEY birth 18 10 16 Valuing our Young People Early Years Framework More Choices More Chances Curriculum for Excellence GIRFEC Promoting Positive Outcomes (ASB) YJ Framework NATIONAL POLICIES Road to Recovery (Drugs) Alcohol framework Equally Well (Health Inequalities) Achieving our Potential (Poverty)

15. National perspective - violence • Wicked problem – for leaders not technicians • Partnership in action – policy and practice • Outcomes not processes • Public health inspired response • Interdisciplinary (partnership) • Evidence-led (problem profile – outcome evaluation) • Prevention focused (earlier, more effective intervention – further upstream) • Whole population/targeted (ecological model)

16. Challenges Joining up Widening the coalition – health, education . . . Dilution - everyone’s a partner; no-one’s responsible Push me/pull me - Links between national policies and local policy/delivery. Outcomes – shared language? A new jargon? Scaling up Fragmented delivery landscape Lack of robust outcome evaluation (What works?) Resources – state of public finances – opportunity? Wising up Leadership – working the system - out of the comfort zone – doing things differently. This is a highly adaptive challenge not a technical problem.

17. It is only with the positive commitment of strategic architects like you, that we can hope to make a real difference to the future of Scotland. The Violence Reduction Alliance Pledge is our shared vision to start building our alliance for a safer Scotland. We would appreciate your continued support in building that alliance. Do you agree with the pledge? YES NO If you disagree, please explain why: The Action on Violence website www.actiononviolence.comhas been developed to share information on events and initiatives andpromote best practice, between alliance members and other interested parties. I would like to receive updates on what is happening in Action on Violence I would like to be a member of the Violence Reduction Alliance (I agree to my details below, being added to the website so as to share good practice on violence reduction across Scotland) Name…………………………….. Email Address……………………… Organisation…………………….. Contact Telephone No…………….