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Colour Theory

Colour Theory. HNC 3OI. What is Colour?. Is a ray of light It is perceived by the eye and interpreted by the brain It is an internal sensation expressed when coloured light waves stimulate the eye Is light broken down by electromagnetic vibrations of various wavelengths

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Colour Theory

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  1. Colour Theory HNC 3OI

  2. What is Colour? • Is a ray of light • It is perceived by the eye and interpreted by the brain • It is an internal sensation expressed when coloured light waves stimulate the eye • Is light broken down by electromagnetic vibrations of various wavelengths • Longest wavelength =RED • Shortest wavelength = VIOLET

  3. What are Pigments? • Substances that can be ground into fine powders and are used for adding colour and dyes to paints • Originally pigments were derived from animal, mineral and food sources • They are now produced through chemistry

  4. The Colour Wheel • The basic tool used when working with colour • It is based on the standard colour theory known as Brewster/Prang

  5. Primary Colours • Colours that cannot be made by mixing other colours • Red, Yellow, Blue

  6. Secondary Colours • Colours that are made by combining equal amounts of primary colours • Orange, Green, Violet

  7. Tertiary or Intermediate Colours • Colours that are made by combining a PRIMARY colour and a SECONDARY colour • Yellow-orange • Yellow-green • Red-violet • Red-orange • Blue-green • Blue-violet

  8. Neutrals • White, black, beige, brown, gray, • White is the absence of all colours and it reflects all light back to the eye • Black is the presence of all colours and it absorbs all light and colours

  9. Neutrals/Achromatic Continued • Any color that lacks strong chromatic content is said to be unsaturated, achromatic, or near neutral. • Pure achromatic colors include black, white and all grays; near neutrals include browns, tans, pastels and darker colors. Near neutrals can be of any hue or lightness. • Neutrals are obtained by mixing pure colors with white, black or grey, or by mixing two complementary colors. In color theory, neutral colors are colors easily modified by adjacent more saturated colors and they appear to take on the hue complementary to the saturated color. Next to a bright red couch, a gray wall will appear distinctly greenish. • Black and white have long been known to combine well with almost any other colors; black increases the apparent saturation or brightness of colors paired with it, and white shows off all hues to equal effect

  10. Warm Colours • Red, orange, yellow, • "warm" colors associated with daylight or sunset • The colours advance or jump forward at the viewer

  11. Cold Colours • Green, blue, violet • “cool" colors associated with a gray or overcast day • These colours recede away from the viewer

  12. Hue • A hue is the name given to a colour • “red” is a hue

  13. Value (shade & tint) • Lightness (sometimes called value or tone) is a property of a color, or a dimension of a color space, that is defined in a way to reflect the subjective brightness perception of a color for humans along a lightness–darkness axis. • It is common to darken a color by adding black paint—producing colors called shade • Or lighten a color by adding white—producing colors called tints.

  14. Intensity • The brightness or dullness of a colour • Fluorescent pink has a High Intensity • Dusty rose has a Low Intensity

  15. Colour Schemes • The effective combination of colours

  16. Analogous • Two or more colours beside each other on the colour wheel • Examples: yellow, yellow green, green : red, red-violet, violet

  17. Triadic • Three colours that are equally spaced on the colour wheel • Examples: Red, yellow, blue :Orange, Green, Violet : Blue-green, yellow-orange, red-violet : Yellow-green, red-orange, blue-violet

  18. Complementary Colours • Two colours that are opposite each other on the colour wheel • Yellow & Violet • Red & Green • Blue & Orange • Yellow Orange & Blue-Violet • Red-Violet & Yellow-Green • Blue-Green & Red-Orange

  19. Monochromatic • A combination of tints and shades of one colour • Navy, sky blue • Pink, red, burgundy • Lime green, green, forest green

  20. Accented Neutrals • A neutral base with an accent (punch) of colour • All white with a yellow cushion • All black with a coloured bag or jewelry • All beige with a pink shoe

  21. Split Complementary • One colour plus the two on either side of its complement • Yellow, blue-violet, red-violet • Blue, yellow-orange, red-orange • Red, yellow-green, blue-green • Green, yellow-red, blue-red • Violet, yellow-orange, yellow-green • Orange, blue-green, blue-violet • Etc.

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