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Damage to Bolu Viaduct from Earthquakes in Turkey. Euridice A. Oware Advisor: Dr. Mete Sozen. Introduction. Bolu Mountain Tunnel Project $ 1.5 billion Improve Transportation in the Mountainous Terrain to the West of Bolu Between Istanbul and Ankara. Contains: Two 3.2-km Tunnels
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Damage to Bolu Viaduct from Earthquakes in Turkey Euridice A. Oware Advisor: Dr. Mete Sozen
Introduction • Bolu Mountain Tunnel Project • $ 1.5 billion • Improve Transportation in the Mountainous Terrain to the West of Bolu Between Istanbul and Ankara. • Contains: • Two 3.2-km Tunnels • Two Viaducts; One Almost Completed
Viaduct 1 - Details • Length is 2.3 km • Max Pier Height is 49 meters • Maximum Span 39.6 meters • Number of Piers: 58 North, 57 South • Pier Foundations 12-pile Group with 1.8 m Diameter Friction Pile
Earthquakes 2 Earthquakes - North Anatolian Fault • August 17, 1999: Kocaeli-Goluck Earthquake • M of 7.4, 45 seconds • Viaduct Performed Well • November 12, 1999: Duzce-Bolu Earthquake • M of 7.2 • Suffered More Damage
Viaduct Deck Moved in Longitudinal Direction Beyond Design Limits. Horizontal Displacements Observations
Failed Dampers Observations
Rotation of Piers At the Expansion Joints Observations
Report Goals • Overview of the Viaduct Project • Geology of Bolu Valley • Geologist Map of Fault Zone • Describe the Damage From Observations • Damping Devices