Do Now:

1. Do Now: What is a hero? Create a definition of “hero”. Make a list of all the traits a hero must have. What makes a hero different from everyone else? Give an example of a hero.

2. Class Definition of Hero:

3. Heroic Traits:

4. Joseph Campbell’s Hero Archetype: • Joseph Campbell: modern philosopher famous for work on legends and myths • Archetype: A character, situation, or symbol that is familiar to people from all cultures because it occurs frequently in literature, myth, religion, or folklore.

5. Here are some of the traits Campbell says all heroes exhibit: • Unusual circumstances of birth; sometimes in danger or born into royalty • Leaves family or landand lives with others • An event, sometimes traumatic, leads to adventure or quest

6. Here are some of the traits Campbell says all heroes exhibit: • Hero has a special WEAPONonly he/she can use • Hero always has SUPERNATURALhelp • The Hero must prove himself/herself MANY times while on adventure • When the hero DIES, he is rewarded SPIRITUALLY

7. Hero’s Journey Now, let’s take a look at how Campbell explains the hero on his/her journey:

8. Phew! That’s some “deep” stuff… Let’s summarize the hero’s journey… • http://ed.ted.com/lessons/what-makes-a-hero-matthew-winkler • http://ed.ted.com/on/DsUoLMHP#watch

9. Stages 1-3

10. Stages 4-6

11. Stages 7-9

12. Stages 10-12

13. Freak the Mighty/Star Wars: Major Assessment What makes a hero? Now that you have tracked two very different heroic journeys (Luke Skywalker & Maxwell Kane), write a well-developed essay in which you determine the three most significant criteria that make a hero. Use evidence from both Star Wars and Freak the Mighty to support your claims. STEP 1: Assess the assignment Think about Joseph Campbell’s and our class’ definitions of a hero and what qualities or traits put someone in that category. Be sure you fully understand discussing these topics. STEP 2:Determine the 3 Most Significant Criteria that Make a Hero Make a list of the top 3 traits/criteria a hero must have. Be sure both Skywalker & Max exhibit all three. TIP: Be sure each trait is significantly different from the other 2 chosen. For example, do NOT choose both “brave” and “courageous,” as they are too close in meaning.

15. Introduction: Paragraph 1 • Claim (restate the question/prompt): What makes a hero? • Evidence (x3): Present three heroic traits/criteria • (DO NOT ELABORATE with examples/quotes) • Introduce Luke Skywalker & Maxwell Kane as both heroes AND evidence of the criteria you just stated (without using specific examples)

16. Sample Introduction Paragraph: A hero is some being who lives their life choosing to act bravely, risking their life and putting the needs of others first. Heroes must be selfless, brave, and determined. Two heroes who exhibit these traits are Maxwell Kane from Freak the Mighty and Luke Skywalker from Star Wars.

17. Body Paragraphs: Paragraphs 2-4 • Claim (present first trait/criterion): Explain what that trait/criterion means without discussing the characters • Evidence (show how Max exemplifies this trait/criterion with specific example) • Explain how this example proves Max exhibits the trait/criterion • Evidence: (show how Luke exemplifies this trait/criterion with specific example) • Explain how this example proves Luke exhibits the trait/criterion • Reasoning/Realization: How can you reason that all heroes must exhibit this trait or criterion? What does this information make you realize about heroes/Max & Luke?

18. Sample Body Paragraph: To be worthy of the title “hero,” one must be selfless. Selflessness involves putting the needs of others before your own. By being selfless, a hero proves that they care so much about the good and wellbeing of others that they are willing to make them the priority. For example, Max selflessly puts Kevin on his shoulders in order to help him escape Tony D. and his gang at the town’s Fourth of July fireworks display. Max could have acted selfishly, running away from Tony D. and leaving Kevin to fend for himself, but he chose to be a selfless hero and save his crippled friend. Similarly, Luke chose to put the needs of Princess Leia and Han Solo before his own when he abandoned his own jedi training to save his friends from Darth Vader. Luke could have ignored his vision of his friends in trouble and carried on training with Yoda, but put Leia and Han Solo’s needs before his own. Therefore, neither Max nor Luke would be considered heroes had they not acted so selflessly. It was their decisions to put others’ first that made them heroic.

19. Transitions:Getting from one idea to the next • First, Second, Third • Before, After, Next, Then, Since, Meanwhile, Eventually, • In addition, Plus, Similarly, Moreover, Furthermore, Likewise, Also, Then • Although, But, Whereas, Despite, However, In contrast • For example, For instance, In fact, In particular • Thus, Therefore, Consequently, Henceforth, In effect • In conclusion, In summary, Ultimately, Overall

20. Conclusion: Paragraph 5 • Claim (restate your overall claim and traits you argued all heroes must exhibit) • Evidence (x3): Summarize body paragraphs • Reasoning/realization: Explain what the evidence showed or proved to you.

21. Sample Conclusion Paragraph: Thus, it is evident that in order to be considered a hero, one must meet certain criteria. It was the selflessness, bravery, and determination that Maxwell Kane and Luke Skywalker displayed that made audiences both within their stories and outside of them want to call them heroes. Had Max and Luke chosen to put themselves first, pass on opportunities to prove their courage, or given up, other characters in the book and film, as well as audiences reading and viewing them would have considered them like any other person. It is this winning combination of traits that elevates a person to the status of hero.

22. TIPS: • DO NOT use 1stperson: “I think” “In my opinion” “I believe” • Underline titles of long works (novels/movies); chapter titles get quotes • Indent for each new paragraph • Capitalize all proper nouns (specific people/places/things) • Check for homophone errors • Explain all pieces of evidence and how they support your claim • Use transitions between ideas/paragraphs