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This study examines the level of domestic and transnational activism among European ethnopolitical groups and explores the factors influencing their transnational cooperation. It also investigates the types of collective actions established by these groups to promote their political agenda.
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Transnational Cooperation of National Self-Determination Activism:A Survey Analysis of European Ethnopolitical Groups Transatlantic Graduate Student Workshop (TGSW) Delmenhorst, Germany May 9-10, 2008 Yu-Wen Chen (Julie) Department of Politics and Management University of Konstanz, Germany E. ma2089752@hotmail.com
Source: http://www.indymedia.ie/article/68953 http://hem.passagen.se/freeacheh/957.htm
Focused Ethnopolitical Groups 1 International Vocal More than 1 Domestic Quiescent
Research Questions • (1) What is each ethnopolitical group’s level of domestic versus transnational activism? • (2) For those with high level of transnational activism, I am interested in asking what factors have influenced them to form transnational cooperation. • (3) What kinds of transnational collective actions have they established to promote their political agenda?
Existing Explanations • 1. The Globalization Thesis • *Globalization • *Political opportunity structures • 2. The Group Characteristics Thesis • * Resources • * Ideology
Main Hypothesis • 1. Raising salience as a basic bargaining strategy • 2. Act transnationally to raise salience • - signal decision-makers • - generate solidarity among the constituents State decision makers Ethnopolitical groups Agent organizations
Three Hypotheses • H1: The more salient the self-determination issue is to the constituents that an ethnopolitical group claims to represent, the higher degree of transnational involvement this ethnopolitical group has. • H2: The more resources an ethnopolitical group has, the higher degree of transnational involvement this ethnopolitical group has. • H3: The more access to domestic political institutions that an ethnopolitical group can have to stake their claims, the higher degree of transnational involvement this ethnopolitical group has.
Case Selection and Data • The Minorities at Risk (MAR) project based in the University of Maryland: 284 politically active ethnopolitical groups around the world • James D. Fearon’s 2003 Ethnic and Cultural Diversity by Country, which includes 822 ethnic groups in 160 countries • Alberto Alesina, Arnaud Devleeschauwer, William Easterly, Sergio Kurlat and Romain Wacziarg’s 2003 fractionalization data which measures ethnic, linguistic and religious fractionalization for about 190 countries • The Minority Rights Group (MRG)’s 1997 World Directory of Minorities which covers minorities from mores than 200 states and dependent territories • The Organization for the European Minorities (Eurominority) online information
ResearchMethod • 1. Primary Survey Data • The European Survey of Ethnopolitical Groups (ESEG) • 2. Secondary Literature & Focused Interviews:minimum 3 case studies