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Gas Laws

Gas Laws. Mrs. T. Miller. Enter presentation. Boyle’s Law. Charles’ Law. Gay-Lussac’s Law. Combined Gas Law. Author Biography. Algebra Review. References. References. Microsoft Office Clip Art http://www.chemistry.mtu.edu/~pcharles/SCIHISTORY/Boyle.html

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Gas Laws

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  1. Gas Laws Mrs. T. Miller Enter presentation

  2. Boyle’s Law Charles’ Law Gay-Lussac’s Law Combined Gas Law Author Biography Algebra Review References

  3. References Microsoft Office Clip Art http://www.chemistry.mtu.edu/~pcharles/SCIHISTORY/Boyle.html http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/boyle_robert.shtml http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SRCYjrLlN9o http://www.chemteam.info/GasLaw/Gas-Charles.html http://www.centennialofflight.gov/essay/Dictionary/Charles/DI16.htm http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/thermo/balloon.html#c1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Louis_Gay-Lussac http://chemconnections.org/Java/molecules/ http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gas-properties http://office.microsoft.com http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YKivPSVGpsw http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lfNJJEdKgLU http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpC5zlmtm-g http://vimeo.com/2050118 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yk71GY02diY

  4. About the Author Mrs. Miller • Chemistry Teacher • NHS Advisor • Science Club Advisor • Science Department Chairperson Visit my Teacher Webpage My son

  5. Algebra Review Solve for x: 2 = 13 x 7 *Simplify right side; x must come out of the denominator *Multiply both sides by x • x * 2 = 1.86 * x • x • 2 = 1.86x • *Divide both sides by 1.86 • x = 1.1 • OR use CROSS MULTIPLY AND DIVIDE technique Solve for x: 5x = 23 *Divide both sides by 5 5x = 23 5 5 x = 4.6

  6. Boyle’s Law - History Robert Boyle (1627-1691) • Designed the vacuum chamber / air pump with Robert Hooke • One of first prominent scientists to perform controlled experiments and publish detailed procedures and the results of his work. Watch through 1:43

  7. Boyle’s Law – Data Analysis

  8. Boyle’s Law - Summary By the data, the relationship between Volume and Pressure is: Inversely proportional

  9. Boyle’s Law - Equation P1V1 = P2V2 New Pressure Initial Pressure New Pressure Initial Volume Click slide to determine what each variable stands for…

  10. Boyle’s Law Practice Problem #1: A gas begins with a volume of 25.0 mL and a pressure of 3.2 atm. What is the new pressure when the volume becomes 34.2 mL? Solve and click the answer you think is correct… 0.4 atm 2.3 atm Go back to Equation

  11. That is correct! Go to Question 2

  12. That is incorrect Go back to Question 1

  13. Boyle’s Law Practice Problem #2: What was the original volume of a gas if the pressure changes from 8.9 atm to 4.5 atm when the gas expands to 34.5 mL? Solve and click the answer you think is correct… 17.4 mL 68.2 mL Go back to Equation

  14. That is correct! Charles’ Law

  15. That is incorrect Go back to Question 2

  16. Charles’ Law - History Jacques Charles (1746-1823) • Inventor of the hydrogen-filled balloon

  17. Charles’ Law – Data Analysis

  18. Charles’ Law - Summary By the data, the relationship between Volume and Temperature is: Directly proportional

  19. Charles’ Law - Equation New Volume Initial Volume Initial Temperature (must be in Kelvin!) New Temperature (must be in Kelvin!) Click slide to determine what each variable stands for…

  20. Charles’ Law Practice Problem #1: A gas begins with a volume of 25.0 mL at a temperature of 25oC. What is the new volume when the temperature becomes 55oC? Solve and click the answer you think is correct… 27.5 mL 55.0 mL Go back to Equation

  21. That is correct! Go to Question 2

  22. That is incorrect Go back to Question 1

  23. Charles’ Law Practice Problem #2: If a gas begins at a volume of 32.5 mL at a temperature of 75oC, what temperature is needed to change the volume to 15.1 mL? Solve and click the answer you think is correct… -111oC -273oC Go back to Equation

  24. That is correct! Gay-Lussac’s Law

  25. That is incorrect Go back to Question 2

  26. Gay-Lussac’s Law - History Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac (1778-1850) • In addition to his work with gases, Gay-Lussac is credited for identifying iodine as an element Click on the button to the left to go to a gas simulation activity. Vary the temperature and see how pressure changes. Vary the pressure and see how temperature changes!

  27. Gay-Lussac’s Law – Data Analysis

  28. Gay-Lussac’s Law - Summary By the data, the relationship between Pressure and Temperature is: Directly proportional

  29. Gay-Lussac’s Law - Equation New Pressure Initial Pressure Initial Temperature (must be in Kelvin!) New Temperature (must be in Kelvin!) Click slide to determine what each variable stands for…

  30. Gay-Lussac’s Law Practice Problem #1: If the temperature of a gas is 25oC and the pressure is 1.1 atm, what is the new pressure at 50oC? Solve and click the answer you think is correct… 1.2 atm 2.2 atm Go back to Equation

  31. That is correct! Go to Question 2

  32. That is incorrect Go back to Question 1

  33. Gay-Lussac’s Law Practice Problem #2: If a gas has a pressure of 760 mmHg at 15oC, to what temperature should the gas be changed if you want a pressure of 700 mmHg? Solve and click the answer you think is correct… -8oC 14oC Go back to Equation

  34. That is correct! Combined Gas Law

  35. That is incorrect Go back to Question 2

  36. Combined Gas Law • A combination of Boyle’s, Charles’ and Gay-Lussac’s Laws • Includes all three variables – Temperature, Volume and Pressure Go to http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/gas-properties. Choose “run”. When the program opens, pump some gas into the container, adjust the volume by clicking and dragging the handle on the left. Then adjust the temperature using the heat control at the bottom. Observe how the pressure changes with each of these adjustments.

  37. Combined Gas Law A combination of Boyle’s, Charles’ and Gay-Lussac’s Laws Temperatures must still be in Kelvin units!

  38. Combined Gas Law This is the only equation you really need to memorize! Click to watch… If temperature is constant… If Pressure is constant… If Volume is constant…

  39. Combined Gas Law Practice Problem #1: A gas has a temperature of 295K, a volume of 25 mL and pressure of 760 mmHg. What is the new volume when the temperature changes to 340K and 800 mmHg? 0.04 mL 27.4 mL Go back to Equation

  40. That is correct! Go to Question 2

  41. That is incorrect Go back to Question 1

  42. Combined Gas Law Practice Problem #2: A gas has a temperature of 25oC, a volume of 500 mLmL and pressure of 3.2 atm. What is the new temperature if the volume changes to 200 mL and the pressure changes to 2.3 atm? -187oC 86oC Go back to Equation

  43. That is correct!

  44. That is incorrect Go back to Question 2

  45. SUMMARY Watch the following video clips. Be sure to understand WHY the results occurred… Congratulations! You have completed the project!!

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