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Happy Valentine’s Day!

Happy Valentine’s Day!. What happens if you leave a can of pop in the freezer overnight?. Review. Why do we have the periodic table? What are the trends or patterns of the periodic table?. Trends or Patterns. Atomic number Atomic mass Ion charge Metals, non-metals, metalloids.

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Happy Valentine’s Day!

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  1. Happy Valentine’s Day!

  2. What happens if you leave a can of pop in the freezer overnight?

  3. Review • Why do we have the periodic table? • What are the trends or patterns of the periodic table?

  4. Trends or Patterns • Atomic number • Atomic mass • Ion charge • Metals, non-metals, metalloids

  5. Types of Elements

  6. Metals, Non-metals, and Metalloids

  7. Go to page 61! • What do you notice about the metals, non-metals and metalloids appearance?

  8. Are A, B, and C metals, non-metals or metalloids?

  9. Family resemblance

  10. Groups or Families • Fill out the table on groups in your notes using pg 56-57!

  11. Video of family properties Alkali metals: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QSZ-3wScePM Halogens: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mY7o28-l_WU

  12. Groups game! • Come get an element! • Then find your group!

  13. Practice! • Do the worksheet packet on the Elements and Periodic Table!

  14. Drawing atoms & ions! (Definitely not Bohring)

  15. Learning Objectives I will be able to draw a Bohr diagram of the first 20 elements and their ions I will be able to explain the difference between an atom and an ion

  16. Vocabulary Electrons are found in electron shells around the nucleus. Valence electronsare the electrons in the outermost shell (farthest from the nucleus). For an uncharged atom the number of protons equals the number of electrons.

  17. Whiteboarding! • With your partner draw a picture of an atom • No looking in your textbook!

  18. What is a model? • Niels Bohr • Bohr Model Diagram – a way to draw an atom. • The focus is on the number and position of electrons. • Is it accurate?

  19. What do information do you need? • Number of protons = atomic number • Number of electrons = number of protons = atomic number • Atomic mass = atomic number + number of neutrons

  20. How to draw one: • Pick an element (Cl) • Look up how many protons and neutrons it has • Draw an inner circle with the number of protons and neutrons • Fill the outer shells with the electrons in pairs: Shell 1: up to 2 electrons Shell 2: up to 8 electrons Shell 3: up to 8 electrons Shell 4: up to 18 electrons

  21. Chlorine (Cl)

  22. Try another one of the first 20 elements: • # of protons and neutrons in middle circle • Shell 1: up to 2 electrons • Shell 2: up to 8 electrons • Shell 3: up to 8 electrons • Shell 4: up to 18 electrons

  23. Periodic Table Patterns • Draw 2 or more elements from the same family (vertical like a tree) • What do you notice?

  24. Families or groups • Elements in the same family have the same number of valence electrons!

  25. Periodic Table Patterns • Draw 2 or more elements from the same period (horizontal like a sentence) • What do you notice?

  26. Periods Elements in the same period have the same number of shells!

  27. Ions! • Ion charge: the charge an atom has when it becomes an ion. • Atoms can lose or gain electrons. • Losing an electron makes an atom positive. • Gaining an electron makes an atom negative.

  28. Ions • Why do atoms lose and gain electrons and not neutrons or protons?

  29. Atoms & Ions Which are atoms and which are ions? Na K H+Cl- Ca O2- Ne Be2+ Al N3- Anything with a charge is an ion, all the others are atoms

  30. How to draw a Bohr diagram of an ion: • Add or take away electrons to get the right charge • Draw square brackets around your diagram and put the charge of the element outside the TOP RIGHT corner of the brackets e.g.

  31. Ions 1) Draw Lithium 2) Look up its ion charge 3) Now add or take away electrons to make it that ion 4) Draw Fluorine 5) Look up its ion charge 6) Now add or take away electrons to make it that ion

  32. Test your partner! • Pick any atom from the PT and draw it • Have your partner turn it into an ion! • Check and see if they were right!

  33. Math Time! Na Na + +11 (protons) Take 1 e- +11 (protons) -11 (electrons) -10 (electrons) 0 charge +1 charge ClCl- +17 (protons) Add 1 e- +17 (protons) -17 (electrons)-18 (electrons) 0 charge -1 charge

  34. Noble gases • Pick an atom • Draw the ion of that atom • Draw the noble gas found in their period What do you notice?

  35. Ions Atoms are stable when their outer shell is full. To fill their outer shell they lose or gain electrons. Using this logic: Should sodium gain or lose electrons? Why? Should fluorine gain or lose electrons? Why?

  36. Ion charges Since elements in a period have the same number of valence electrons….. And atoms want to have full outer shells like the noble gases… What does that tell you about the ion charge of a family of elements?

  37. Test yourself! Fill out the rest of your notes using what you learned today! Then start the Bohr worksheets!

  38. Chapter 1-2 Test! • Next Thursday, Feb 21st • Covers Chapter 1 and Chapter 2 in text. Everything we have covered so far! • Do Elements/Periodic Table and Bohr worksheets so we can go over them on Tuesday! • Next class is Review day! Bring your questions!

  39. Jupiter Grades! • Grades • Attendance • Homework/Assignments/Tests

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