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MECHANISM OF DIGESTION

MECHANISM OF DIGESTION. PRESENTED BY MISS SUBHAPRADA LENKA Lect. In Zoology Khemundi College, Digapahandi. DIGESTION. Digestion is a process by which the complex & insoluble form of food material converted into simple & soluble form by physical & chemical processes.

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MECHANISM OF DIGESTION

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  1. MECHANISM OF DIGESTION PRESENTED BY MISS SUBHAPRADA LENKA Lect. In Zoology Khemundi College, Digapahandi

  2. DIGESTION Digestion is a process by which the complex & insoluble form of food material converted into simple & soluble form by physical & chemical processes. Carbohydrate Glucose Proteins Amino acids Fats Fatty acids+Glycerol

  3. ORGANS OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

  4. 1.DIGESTION OF CARBOHYDRATES • In Mouth- Salivary gland secretes ptyalin which converts boiled starches to maltose & glucose polymers. Starches Maltose+Glucose polymer • In Stomach- In stomach ,the medium is acidic &action of Ptyalin is stopped by HCL. Only 5% of starch is hydrolysed by HCL.

  5. In Smallintestine- Pancreatic secretion contains a large quantity of pancreatic amylase which converts starches to disaccharides(sugars). Starches Maltose+Sucrose+Lactose +Glucose polymers • In microvilli of small intestine- The enterocytes lining the villi of the small intestine contains 4 enzymes i.e lactase ,sucrase,maltase & dextrinase which splits Disaccharides to monosaccharides mainly glucose.

  6. Lactose Galactose Glucose Sucrose Fructose Glucose Maltose Glucose Glucose polymers Glucose

  7. 2.DIGESTION OF PROTEINS • In mouth- There is no digestion of proteins in mouth cavity. • In Stomach- In stomach ,gastric glands are present which secretes HCL,pepsin & renin. Pepsinogen pepsin Proteins proteoses+peptones+polypeptides Prorenin Renin Caseinogen Casein Casein Calcium paracasein Calcium paracasein peptones+proteoses

  8. In Small Intestine- Most protein digestion occurs in the upper small intestine,duodenum & jejunum ,under the influence of proteolytic enzymes from pancreatic secretion.The major proteolytic pancreatic enzymes trypsin,chymotrypsin. Trypsinogen Trypsin Peptones +proteoses Polypeptides Chymotrypsinogen chymotrypsin Paracarboxypeptidase Carboxypeptidase Proteoses+peptones+polypeptides Peptides +Amino acids Proteins Dipeptides+Tripeptides

  9. In Microvilli of Small intestine- The last digestive stage of the proteins in the intestinal lumen is achieved by the enterocytes that line the villi of the small intestine mainly in the duodenum & jejunum. Polypeptides Dipeptides+Tripeptides +Amino acids Dipeptides Amino acids Tripeptides Amino acids

  10. 3.DIGESTION OF FATS • There is no digestion of fats occurs in mouth cavity & stomach. • In Small intestine- Bile salts are formed in the hepatic cells . Bile plays an important role in fat digestion.It helps to emulsify fats. Fats Emulsified fats Emulsified fats Fatty acids+Glycerol

  11. In microvilli of Small intestine- Tryglycerides Fatty acids+Diglycerides Diglycerides Fatty acids+Monoglyceride Monoglyceride Fatty acids+Glycerol

  12. 4.DIGESTION OF CHOLESTEROL& PHOSPHOLIPIDS • In Small intestine- The free cholesterol & phospholipid molecules converted into fatty acids & glycerol in the presence of bile salts. Cholesterol Fatty acid+Glycerol Phospholipids Fatty acid+Glycerol

  13. THANK YOU

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