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Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Treatment of Psychological Disorders. Desir é e Adams 04/09/09. What we’ll cover. Misconceptions of Therapy Types of Therapy Psychoanalysis Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Eclecticism. Misconceptions about Therapy. Video: Analyze This

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Treatment of Psychological Disorders

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  1. Treatment of Psychological Disorders Desirée Adams 04/09/09

  2. What we’ll cover • Misconceptions of Therapy • Types of Therapy • Psychoanalysis • Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) • Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy • Eclecticism

  3. Misconceptions about Therapy • Video: Analyze This • All “talk therapy” while laying on a couch • Therapist dominated (therapist knows more about you than you know about yourself) • Must be in therapy for years • People in therapy are “weak” • One “a-ha” moment that solves all of your problems

  4. Psychoanalysis • Freud was the first formal therapist (physician) • Insight therapy (aka Talk therapy) • Talking about emotions “cured” physical problems • Gain insight into self by exposing unconscious thoughts • Free Association, Dream Analysis • Insight therapy today

  5. Cognitive-BehavioralTherapy

  6. How CBT came about • Spawned from Behavior Therapy • 1950’s – 1970’s –Behaviorism movement • Focused on overt behaviors • Based on Learning Theories • Therapists attempt to change behaviors based on classical, operant , and observational learning • Cognitive Therapy • 1980’s – current – Cognition movement • Focused on thoughts, thinking errors • Therapists attempt to change maladaptive thoughts

  7. CBT • Cognitive = “cognitions” or “thoughts” • The way you THINK and what you THINK • Behavioral = behaviors/actions • What you DO and how you ACT • Use combinations of verbal/insight interventions with behavioral modifications to change maladaptive beliefs which often lead to maladaptive behaviors

  8. CBT Techniques • Cognitive aspects: • Identify negative maladaptive thought patterns (like bad habits - automatic) • How? Thought records • Challenge thoughts • How? Reality testing/providing evidence • Create rational rebuttals to irrational thoughts • How? Specific statements based on evidence • Thought disorders (i.e., Schizophrenia) • Challenge thoughts • Remove aversive reaction to delusions

  9. Mr. Laurie has recently announced he has “mild depression.” I guess Dr. House is rubbing off on him. Let’s help him with some cognitive restructuring! Using the handout provided, give an example of: Emotion tied to the event Automatic/irrational thought Rational response Activity Time!Cognitive Restructuring in Action

  10. CBT Techniques • Behavioral Aspects – Depends upon disorder • Anxiety symptoms • Muscle relaxation, sleep diary/sleep hygiene, social skills training • Depressive symptoms • Behavioral activation, pleasant events schedule, sleep diary/sleep hygiene • Schizophrenia • Social skills, behavior modification with token economy (hygiene, social activities)

  11. CBT Techniques • Homework Assignments!! • Sports Team analogy • If you want to see improvement, you need to practice outside of session • Cognitive- and behavioral-based assignments (thought records, sleep diaries/sleep hygiene, social skills)

  12. CBT video • Aaron Beck treating client using CBT methods • What techniques are being used? • Note the client’s reactions

  13. Mindfulness Based Therapy

  14. Mindfulness-Based Therapy • Recent adaptation of cognitive therapy • View thoughts as mental events • Decenter from thoughts • “I am not my thoughts” • Meditation • Effective for recurrent depression

  15. Eclecticism

  16. Eclecticism • Most psychologists practice “eclecticism” • “Melting pot” of therapies – combining techniques from different types of therapy into one that will work best for the client. • CBT often serves as a basis for most therapy strategies, but other techniques are incorporated • Example: Using Free Association to discover the content and type of negative thought patterns

  17. You Be the Psychologist!! • JA was self-referred to the Psychology Clinic to address complaints of depression. • Develop a treatment plan based on her clinical presentation and your understanding of appropriate treatment for such symptoms.

  18. Resources • The University of Alabama’s Counseling Center is open to students and is a great resource. Website: • http://www.sa.ua.edu/Counseling/counseling.html • Location: 225 Russell Hall • Phone Number: 205.348.3863

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