Intro to Cell Vocabulary

1. Intro to Cell Vocabulary Fancy Names For Simple Things

2. Cells • Cells are the basic unit of all living things…if it is alive it has cells

3. Two “Classes” of Cells • There are 2 classes of cells. There are only two differences between Plant & Animal cells…try to spot them by the end of the show Plant cells Animal Cells

4. Cell Differentiation • There are only 2 classes of cells (plant/animal), but there are many kinds of cells in each class. Each kind of cell has a DIFFERENT job to do…it specializes. I am a heart cell! I’m a Prison Cell!  I am a skin cell

5. When you hear the new vocabulary…just think of a Turtle

6. Cell Membrane • The cell membrane holds the cell together and allows nutrients in the cell • It’s just like a turtle’s skin • The cell membrane is on the edge of a cell

7. Cytoplasm • Cytoplasm is the watery gel (Jello!) inside a cell….it’s goop! It holds the ORGANelles • Cytoplasm is like the turtles blood and other liquids

8. Mitochondria • Mitochondria is an ORGANelle that releases energy from food • Mitochondria is like a turtle’s stomach

9. Nucleus • The nucleus controls the cell • The nucleus is like the turtle’s brain

10. Chromosomes • Chromosomes are inside the nucleus and are made of genes (DNA) • Genes decide the cells’ traits and activities (heart cell, eye cell (color))

11. Nuclear Membrane • The nuclear membrane allows substances to pass in and out of the nucleus • It surrounds the nucleus (the brain) like the turtle’s skull…protects it

12. Vacuoles • Vacuoles are spaces in the cytoplasm (gel) where food and chemicals are stored • It’s like “fat” on a turtle I am NOT fat…I’m just a little plump!!

13. Cell Wall • Cell Walls are only in plant cells • They make the cell strong and rigid • They are like a turtle’s shell (but only plants have them…that’s why grass stands straight up!)

14. Ribosome • Cells need to make proteins. • Ribosomes are the protein builders. • They are like construction guys who connect one amino acid at a time and build long chains. 

15. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Functions as a packaging system. • Packages proteins and releases them to be transported.

16. Golgi Apparatus • The Golgi Apparatus is responsible for taking the proteins which were created by the ribosomes and making them bigger and better. • Think of an assembly line where cars are made. The first worker creates a car frame. The next worker adds an engine, or seats, or other parts.

17. Centriole •  They are there to help the cell when it comes time to divide. • Forms spindle fibers in animal cells during cell division

18. Chloroplasts • Chloroplasts are only in plant cells • They contain chlorophyll, which helps make energy/food from sunlight • Chlorophyll is green in color…so any plant that is green has chloroplasts I’m green…do I have chloroplasts?

19. What’s the Difference? • So what are two things that Plant cells have that animal cells don’t? ? Chloroplasts & Cell Walls

20. What would happen if animals had Chloroplasts?

21. Now, let’s review… • Cell Membrane Cell Wall Chloroplasts • Chromosomes Nucleus Mitochondria • Cytoplasm Vacuoles Centriole • Ribosome Gogli • Endoplasmic Reticulum Plant/Animal • Cell Differentiation Cells

22. Congratulations • You now know all the vocabulary for cells