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Essential Question :

Essential Question : What are the major political, economic, & social themes of the American Revolution? Warm-Up Question :

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Essential Question :

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  1. Essential Question: • What are the major political, economic, & social themes of the American Revolution? • Warm-Up Question: • Prepare for unit 2 review game (“inter- galactic death match”)

  2. Unit 2 Review • Each group will be presented a prompt & will list as many correct answers as possible (unless a cap is provided) within 1 minute • Groups earn 1 point per correct response; If any part of the response is incorrect, teams receive no points for that round • The winning group earns 105, others earn 100, 95, 90, 85…

  3. Prompt #1Identify 3 important facts about the Albany Congress

  4. Albany Congress • Meeting in 1754 to discuss Indian attacks on western frontier • Reveals a common colonial problem • Ben Franklin proposes Albany Plan of Union—a continental army funded by colonial taxes • Rejected by colonial assemblies; Don’t want to pay for it & don’t trust other colonies to direct the army • Rejected by Parliament (too much power) • Revealed lack of colonial unity before F&I War

  5. Prompt #2 Identify 3 causes & 3 effects of the French & Indian War

  6. Causes: Imperial competition (England v France) Colonial expansion into the Ohio River Valley Washington’s attack on Fort Duquesne Effects: France lost its North American colonies & India Spain gained lands west of Miss River Britain gained lands east of Miss River, Florida, India, & the West Indian slave trade British war debts End of salutary neglect & rise of parliamentary sov French & Indian War

  7. William Pitt Declaratory Act (1766) Circular Letter (1767) First Continental Congress (1774) Second Continental Congress (1775-1777) Prohibitory Act (1775) Prompt #3Identify the following

  8. William Pitt—PM during French & Indian War whose “blank check” led to British win & debts • Declaratory Act—reasserted Parl Sovereignty after the Stamp Act was repealed • Circular Letter—sent by MA legislature to encourage boycotting Townshend Acts; led to dissolution of the MA assembly • 1St Continental Congress—met to protest Intolerable Acts & find ways to support Boston • Prohibitory Act—British restrictions of trade, blocked ports, hired Hessians in response to 2nd Continental Congress • 2nd Continental Congress—formed colonial army under Washington after Lex/Concord

  9. Prompt #4 Identify 5 revenue taxes imposed by England

  10. Revenue Taxes • Sugar Act • Stamp Act • Currency Act • Quartering Acts • “Grenville Acts” • TownshendActs • (Tea Act of 1773 was not a revenue tax)

  11. Prompt #5Name 6 examples of “Parliamentary Sovereignty” imposed upon the colonies before the revolution

  12. “Parliamentary Sovereignty” • Proclamation Line of 1763 • Sugar, Stamp, Currency, Quartering Acts (“Grenville Acts”, 1764-65) • Declaratory Act (1766) • TownshendActs (1767) • DissolvedtheMAcolonialassembly(1767) • Intolerable (Coercive) Acts (1774) • Quebec Act (1774) • Prohibitory Act (1775)

  13. Prompt #6 Identify 5 cause & effect relationships, 1763-1776(“Event X” led to “Reaction Y”)

  14. F&I War → British debts; Revenue taxes • Sugar Act → “no taxation w/out rep” but no mass protest • Stamp Act → Stamp Act Congress; boycotts, Sons of Liberty formed • Boycotts → Repeal of Stamp/Townshend Acts • Circular Letter → No more MA assembly • Tea Act, 1773→ Boston Tea Party • Boston Tea Party → Intolerable/Coercive Acts • Intolerable Acts → 1st CC & Suffolk Resolves • Lex/Concord → Am. Rev, 2nd CC, Cont Army • Continental Army → Prohibitory Act • Common Sense → Dec of Independence

  15. Prompt #7 Name 3 military advantages each of the British & colonial armies during the American Revolution

  16. British: 400% bigger army (lots of Hessians) Best navy Manufacturing base for war supplies More experienced generals A stronger alliance with local Indians Control of most American cities Better funded Colonial: Defensive strategy (Don’t have to “win”) Fighting for liberty & independence Knowledge of terrain Short supply lines Alliance with France (help from Spain) Militias could intimidate loyalists Guerilla attacks Military Advantages

  17. Significance of Lexington/Concord Significance of Saratoga Significance of Yorktown Olive Branch Petition “General Pardon” Marquis de Lafayette Valley Forge, PA Prompt #8 Identify the following

  18. Lex/Concord—1st battle of the Am Rev • Saratoga—“turning point”; French alliance • Yorktown—Cornwallis’ surrender; End of war • Olive Branch Petition—rejected request by 2nd CC (1775) to king to return to salutary neglect • General Pardon—In 1776, General Howe allowed colonists to swear an oath to the king & avoid prosecution; thousands did • Lafayette—Frenchman who assisted Washington during the Revolution • Valley Forge—winter fort for continental army; American troops faced starvation

  19. Prompt #9 Identify 3 changes & 3 continuities in America from 1763 to 1783

  20. Changes: • Salutary neglect → parl. sovereignty • British colonies → independent states • Lack of colonial unity → unified “patriots” • Spanish lost Florida → Spanish regained FL • British control of Ohio Valley → American Continuities: • Self-govt was democratic but legislatures were controlled by the elite land owners • Slavery remained in place • Patriarchal society • Gap between rich & poor was wide • Britain was still the dominant trade partner • Regions had different economies, cultures

  21. Prompt #10Name 3 impacts of “Salutary Neglect” on the American colonies before the revolution

  22. Salutary Neglect • Formation of colonial assemblies • Ability of colonies to create their own laws/taxes • More democracy in the colonies than in Britain • Relaxed emigration policy led to rapid population growth • Regional diversity among the colonies because colonists, not the king, could dictate the “personality” of their colony • “Free trade” until the Navigation Acts of 1660 • Weak royal governors (paid by assemblies) • Precedent for democratic self-gov’t that would allow for a republican form of gov’t after 1783

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