Provider Initiated HIV Counseling and Testing

1. Provider Initiated HIV Counseling and Testing Unit 3:Basic Counseling Skills

2. 3.1 Learning Objectives Discuss the definition of counseling and Patients� Rights during Counseling and Testing. Describe how the counselor�s attitudes, values, and prejudices might affect her/his counseling Discuss and demonstrate basic counseling skills

3. 3.2 Definition of Counseling(1) Counseling is a two-way communication process that helps individual : Examine personal issues Make decisions Make plans for taking action In HIV counseling and testing the focus of the sessions is helping clients make decision based on their HIV status.

4. 3.3 Definition of Counseling (2) HIV counseling involves: Listening Respect for the client Confidentiality Asking questions Allowing clients to make their own decisions Helping clients find other services they need

5. 3.4 Definition of Counseling (3) Counseling is not: Telling clients what to do Criticizing clients Forcing ideas or values on clients Taking responsibility for clients� actions or decisions

6. 3.5 Patients� Rights During Counseling and Testing confidentiality privacy refuse testing be treated with respect information Ask questions

7. 3.6 Attitudes, Values, and Prejudices(1) Self-Awareness: Knowing yourself Knowing how other people affect you Knowing how you affect other people Counselors who are self-aware: Are sensitive to how their feelings and attitudes can affect counseling Understand and appreciate that clients have their own feelings and attitudes and how these can affect their ability to talk about their concerns. Look at their own behaviors and attitudes and ask themselves: �How am I doing? How can I improve?�

8. 3.7 Attitudes, Values, and Prejudices(2) Attitudes and Values: Feelings, beliefs, and emotions regarding a fact, thing, behavior, or person A counselor's attitudes and values can affect her/his behavior toward clients, especially when clients have different attitudes and values.

9. 3.8 Attitudes, Values, and Prejudices(3) Prejudice: A negative opinion or judgment made about a person or group of people before knowing the facts Often caused by lack of information Prejudice can take many forms: Ethnic or racial Socioeconomic Cultural and religious Behavioral

10. 3.9 Skills Used to Talk with CT Clients Empathizing Active Listening Open Questioning Probing Focusing Affirming Clarifying Correcting False Information Summarizing

11. 2-10 Environment Setting Easily accessible Privacy Seating arrangement