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DETERMINANTS OF THE SPANISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL ACTIVITY: EVOLUTION AND EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN

DETERMINANTS OF THE SPANISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL ACTIVITY: EVOLUTION AND EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN. Eva Parga-Dans Institute of Heritage Sciences (Incipit-CSIC), Spain. RESEARCH CONTEXT. ?. ?. SPANISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL LABOUR MARKET. ?. ?. Methods.

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DETERMINANTS OF THE SPANISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL ACTIVITY: EVOLUTION AND EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN

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  1. DETERMINANTS OF THE SPANISH ARCHAEOLOGICAL ACTIVITY: EVOLUTION AND EFFECTS OF ECONOMIC SLOWDOWN Eva Parga-Dans Institute of Heritage Sciences (Incipit-CSIC), Spain

  2. RESEARCH CONTEXT ? ? • SPANISH • ARCHAEOLOGICAL • LABOUR MARKET ? ?

  3. Methods • Qualitative step. Expert panel, secondary sources, 107 open-ended interviews, case studies. • Quantitative step to collect information about labor market. Survey (personal interviews with CEO or senior VP) 80% response rate (217 over 273 firms).

  4. SurveyProcedure Telephonecontact Stage 1 Stage 2 Assitedquestionnaireusinganon-line application Stage 3 Telephonesurvey Stage 4 Codifying and processingtheinformation Stage 5 Productionof global frequencies A databasewasconstructed

  5. Results Defining the boundaries of Spanish archaeological sector

  6. ResearchContext Spain “Spanish Heritage Historic Law” 1985 3.000 archaeologists (aprox.) 273 firms (2009)

  7. A complex sectoral system (I) • Products (Services): • Heritage management protection (documentation, intervention, enhancement). It requires public authorization • Expert consultancy • Dissemination activities 8

  8. SpanishMarketDevelopingProcess Number of firmscreated per year (total number of firms).

  9. Firm Profile • Labour Market: 2.358 people working in archaeological companies in 2009 • Small firm size (25% have just one employee) • Archaeological firms have a highly localized scope (73% of these organizations work in the region in which they are located). • Low turnover (38% do not reach 100.000€ per year)

  10. Business trend Archaeological industry is a recent market activity in Spain that had registered a fast growing process: 273 firms in 2009. However, if faces mounting inter-firm competition due to economic slowdown.

  11. DEMAND PROFILE Mainclients, data expressedin percentages

  12. HUMAN CAPITAL Human capital educationallevel, data expressedin porcentages

  13. From 2009 to 2013 Discovering the Archaeologists of Europe Project

  14. In 2013: Data Collection Survey to collect information about Spanish archaeological labor market: • Design the questionnaire • Online application (July-August 2013) • 233 active firms (over 273 in 2009) • Survey oriented to other organizations where archaeologists are working • Telephone Survey

  15. Survey Procedure

  16. Survey Procedure

  17. Survey Procedure

  18. Preliminary results

  19. Preliminary Results (II) • Firm size: 57% of organizations has between 1 and 5 employees, 69% of those state that had reduced their size since 2007. • Turnover: • 45% do not reach100.000 € per year (38% in 2009) • 77% state 2012 turnover is lower than 2010-2011 • Main clientsare construction sector and public administrations (the same as in 2009) and general public is becoming more important

  20. Reinvent or Perish Dilemma • Adaptation initiatives are required if they want survive: • Diversifying • Specializing • Moving towards other cultural activities • Basic knowledge and technologies. Include different areas: archaeology, biology, restoration, topography, geo-spatial technologies, etc. • Knowledge and learning processes: this is an emergent sector and the development of techniques and know-how is something new. • High qualified level. 71% of employees have a degree and of them 16.2% are PhDs.

  21. Conclusions • Archaeological sector in Spain is an emergent activity that had registered a fast growing process: 273 firms in 2009. • However, it faces mounting inter-firm competition due to economic slowdownand the dependence of the construction sector. • High qualified human capital and knowledge-base activity are the main opportunities in the changing environmental conditions.

  22. Thank you!

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