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Bullying Up Front & Close. Dr. C.Valentina Echols A Teaching & Learning Professional Development Session. Why I Chose to Look at Bullying?. The Endowment: A Long Journey Starts with One Step…. My nephew(s): Jokes About Being Black with Big Lips, and Nappy Hair Having Myasthenia Gravis..
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Bullying Up Front & Close Dr. C.Valentina Echols A Teaching & Learning Professional Development Session
Why I Chose to Look at Bullying? • The Endowment: A Long Journey Starts with One Step…. • My nephew(s): Jokes About Being Black with Big Lips, and Nappy Hair • Having Myasthenia Gravis.. • My Epistemology and Bullying: Black students use negative words that should reflect cultural pride but destroy with bullying
A Louisiana Teen Gives Into Bullying:http://www.wbrz.com/news/family-teen-bullied-to-death-in-pointe-coupee-parish
Bullying Up Front & Close • Definition • Various kinds of bullying • Is this phenomena new? • What can be done to prevent bullying? • Facts and statistics
Bullying • The World Health Organization provides this definition of bullying:“Bullying is a multifaceted form of mistreatment, mostly seen in schools and the workplace. It is characterized by the repeated exposure of one person to physical and/or emotional aggression including teasing, name calling, mockery, threats, harassment, taunting, hazing, social exclusion or rumors.” - link
Bullying may also include • Bullying includes assault, tripping, intimidation, rumor-spreading and isolation, demands for money, destruction of property, theft of valued possessions, destruction of another’s work, and name-calling.In the United States, several other school behaviors (some of which are illegal) are recognized as forms of bullying, such as:• Sexual harassment (e.g., Repeated exhibitionism, voyeurism, sexual propositioning, and sexual abuse involving unwanted physical contact)• Ostracism based on perceived sexual orientation• Hazing (e.g., Upper-level high school athletes’ imposing painfully embarrassing initiation rituals on their new freshmen teammates).
Various Kinds of Bullying • 1. Physical bullying includes any physical contact that would hurt or injure a person like hitting, kicking, punching, etc. Taking something that belongs to someone else and destroying it would also be considered a type of physical bullying. For example, if someone was walking down the street and someone came up to them and shoved them to the ground, that would be physical bullying. In elementary and middle schools, 30.5% of all bullying is physical. • 2. Verbal bullying is name-calling, making offensive remarks, or joking about a person's religion, gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, or the way they look. For example, if there was a group of kids who made fun of another kid because he couldn't run as fast as everyone else, it would be an example of verbal bullying. 46.5% of all bullying in schools is the verbal type. Verbal aggression is when a bully teases someone. It can also include a bully making verbal threats of violence or aggression against someone's personal property. • 3. Indirect bullying includes spreading rumors or stories about someone, telling others about something that was told to you in private, and excluding others from groups. An example would be if you started a rumor that a boy in your class likes playing with dolls, and if the reason that you made up the story was because you thought it was funny. This would be indirect bullying. Indirect bullying accounts for 18.5% of all bullying. • 4. Social alienation is when a bully excludes someone from a group on purpose. It also includes a bully spreading rumors, and also making fun of someone by pointing out their differences.
Various Kinds of Bullying continues…. • 5. Intimidation is when a bully threatens someone else and frightens that person enough to make him or her do what the bully wants. • 6. Cyberbullying is done by sending messages, pictures, or information using electronic media, computers (email & instant messages), or cell phones (text messaging & voicemail). For instance, if you sent a picture of a snake in an email to a person because you know that they are afraid of snakes, that would be an example of cyberbullying. According to a survey done in 2003 only 4% of bullying is listed as "other types" and this would include cyberbullying. Even though this number seems small, the growth of this type of bullying is going up fast because of the spread of technology around the world.
Is Bullying a New Phenomena? No. It is as old as humankindFredrick Douglas and the Slave Overseer David and GoliathThe Swan… the lists is endless…….
Bullying is one of the most traumatic aspects of childhood. It also happens to be one of the oldest. This is due to several reasons: • Children are afraid of retribution and consequences. Often adults do not handle bullying situations in a manner that maintains the trust and respect of the victim. Adults must assure the victim and follow through until the bullying stops.1 • Bystanders seldom intervene. To combat bullying, both parent/adult and child witnesses need to intervene.2 • Adults are not always present. Most bullying happens when adults are not present. Adult presence at school recess for example, school aids and parent volunteerscould make a huge difference.3 • Adults don't always provide positive models of authority and may act aggressively themselves. Bullying is difficult to eradicate in schools and in modern culture because it is so often effectively used by both children and adults.4 Adults should avoid aggressive, intimidating, and abusive behaviors, and instead model the social and emotional behaviors that they would like to see reflected by our youth.1
What can be done to prevent bullying? • http://library.thinkquest.org/07aug/00117/typesbullying.html • Time for Tolerance Quiz • Test your overall knowledge about preventing bullying and promoting tolerance. • Tolerance Superhero Matching Game • Do you think you can match these tolerance superheroes with their names? Play this game to find out. • Multicultural Crossword Puzzle • Are you up for a challenge? Try this awesome crossword puzzle to see how many multicultural words you know. • Religious Symbols Matching Game • Do you think you know which symbol goes with each religion? Try this game to find out. • World Religions Crossword Puzzle • Do you know some interesting facts about world religions? Then this crossword is just for you! • Tolerance Superhero Quiz • Test your knowledge about tolerance superheroes and what they did to promote tolerance and peace by taking this quiz.
Families Can Help with Bullying. Please watch this video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=91blEgVrKq8
Give your child these tips to handle face-to-face bullying: • Talk to the bullying child if it feels safe. Look him or her in the eye and say strongly but calmly, "Leave me alone" or "You don't scare me." • Walk away from the bullying child or children. Children who are being bullied should not run (even though they may want to). It may strengthen a feeling of power in the bullying child. • Tell an adult about the episode. It might help for children to identify an adult at school to tell if incidents occur. Children who see another child being harmed also should seek help from an adult right away. • Children may worry about making other kids angry by telling on them. But exposing the abuse is the only way to stop the problem. A child can ask to remain anonymous when reporting an incident. • If your child gets left out • Bullying happens when children shut out or exclude others. These actions can be subtle. But they can be very hurtful to the child who is abused. This type of bullying is called emotional or social bullying, and it is very isolating. It's also hard to manage because the pain it causes is not physical and can be hard to explain to an adult. • Girls who bully tend to do so in social or emotional ways. And boys who bully tend to do so in both physical and emotional ways. Both boys and girls can be targets of emotional bullying. Gossiping and "backstabbing" are common techniques used by girls who bully in this way. • Although there is no easy or foolproof solution, it may help to try some of the following strategies. • Recognize the behavior. Trying to ignore it won't make it go away. Help your child accept that there is a problem and know that you will help him or her through this difficult. ….EVERY PROBLEM HAS A SOLUTION.. THERE IS NOT PROBLEM W/O A SOLUTION..
Give your child these tips to handle face-to-face bullying: • Recognize the behavior. Trying to ignore it won't make it go away. Help your child accept that there is a problem and know that you will help him or her through this difficult time. Help your child understand that he or she is not to blame. • Role-play. Practice, practice, practice ways to respond to hurtful comments or actions until they come naturally. Help your child think up different scenarios and different ways to respond in them. Have fun with this—make up absurd or outrageous situations. Also, practice using humor as a way to be assertive. Sometimes saying things like, "Oh, please! You've been watching too much TV!" or simply, "I don't need that!" and walking away can stop bullying. This creative thinking can help your child relieve tension and gain some feeling of control. • Encourage your child to pursue interests in a different environment. Assure your child that he or she will meet friends who value him or her. Help your child look for areas of life where he or she feels accepted, likeable, and normal. And help your child find opportunities to develop well-balanced friendships. • Talk to school leaders. If the bullying occurs in certain social situations or school activities, sometimes it is just best to remove your child from the situation. It is not always in a child's best interest to "stick it out." Often, in fear of causing disappointment, children do not want to tell their parents that this is the solution they prefer. Ask your child if he or she really wants to continue to be in the activity. If the bullying occurs in a general school setting, work with teachers and counselors to help your child not be around those who bully. • Stay out of groups who bully others. Sometimes a child who was shunned before will suddenly be "invited" into or back into a group. Talk about the fickle nature of such friendships. Ask your child how he or she would feel if pressured to exclude another person. Help your child discover the qualities of long-lasting and true friendships. • Let your child know you are always there for him or her. You may not be able to come up with the perfect answer for the problem. But you can help by telling your child that you will always be there to listen and to help him or her think about new ways to handle being bullied.
Facts and Statistics Did You Know? • In 2001, a U.S. Secret Service and U.S. Department of Education study of 37 school shooting incidents from 1974-2000 found that 71% of the shooters felt bullied, threatened, attacked or persecuted, 78% had suicidal thoughts or had attempted suicide, and 61% showed extreme depression or desperation
Bullying Quick Facts • • Most students do not report bullying to an adult at school or parent (Hughes, Middleton (Morgan), Marshall, 2009). • 40% of bullied students in elementary and 60% of bullied students in middle school report that teachers intervene in bullying incidents “once in a while” or “almost never” (Olweus, 1993; Charach, Pepler & Ziegler, 1995). • Studies reflect that parents are unaware of bullying and talk about it on a limited basis (Olweus, 1993), with teachers seldom or never talking to their class about bullying (Charach, Pepler, & Ziegler, 1995).• Few students feel that adults will help and that when they do it is infrequent, ineffective and makes things worse (Banks, 1997, Charach, Pepler, Ziegler, 1995). • Teachers appear to be particularly lenient on students who socially bully (Yoon and Kerber, 2003). • Students tend not to define social bullying in their operational definitions of bullying (Naylor, Cowei, Cossin, de Bettencourt, & Lemme, 2006). • Bullying by being “belittled about looks or speech” is the most common form of bullying experienced by U.S. students followed by being the “subjects of rumors” as the second most common form of bullying. For boys, the three most common forms of bullying were first: being “hit slapped or pushed”, second “belittled about looks or speech” and third being “subjects of rumors”. For girls, being “belittled about looks or speech” and being “subjects of rumors” were tied for first and being “subjects of sexual comments or gestures” was second most common for girls (Nansel, et al. 2001). • Studies show that 5% of students missed at least one day of school during the 30 days preceding the survey because they felt unsafe at school or traveling to and from school (YRBS, 2009).
Bullying Quick Facts • • Students who are chronic targets of bullying experience more physical and psychological problems than their peers who are not bullied. As adults, former victims were more likely to be depressed and had poorer self esteem than their non-victimized peers (Olweus, 1993; Farrington, 1993; Williams, Chambers, Logan, Robinson, 1996).• As many as one-third of teachers report feeling untrained to handle bullying (Harris & Willoughby, 2003).• Teachers may perhaps even be intimidated by bullies, rather preferring that administrators confront and punish (Rigby & Slee, 1991). • In 2001, a U.S. Secret Service and U.S. Department of Education study of 37 school shooting incidents from 1974-2000 found that 71% (29/41) of the shooters felt bullied, threatened, attacked or persecuted, 78% (32/41) had suicidal thoughts or had attempted suicide, and 61% (25/41) showed extreme depression or desperation U.S. Secret Service (2002).
