Design of Parking Facilities

1. Design of Parking Facilities

2. Design of Parking Facilities • Location • Type of Operations • Surface Car Parks • Parking Garage / Underground • Access • Layout • Pedestrian • Bus / Truck Terminal • Other Consideration

3. Location of Parking Facilities experience has shown that an improperly located lot or garage is likely to fail or have limited used, even if located only e few blocks away from the center of parking demand, preferably, parkings lot and garages should be located on or near major arterials;

12. Type of Operations • Self Parking, each car is driven only by the parker and the car can be locked when left, delays in retrieving parked vehicles are minimised, and insurance costs are lower for the car park operator • Attendant Parking, car is driven by car park operator

13. Valet Parking

14. Surface Car Parks • On-Street Parking • Off-Street Parking • Parking Lot / Park & Ride / Kiss & Ride • Parking Garage/Underground

15. On-Street Parking

19. Park & Ride Facilities

20. Park & Ride Facilities • The park-and-ride interchange must be serviced by a public transport system that offer reliable and frequent services in both the inward (to the central area) and outward directions, • The onward public transport mode must provide a reliable fast service from the interchange into the central area, • The parking fee at the interchange plus the two-way public transport fare should be less than the perceived cost of traveling to the central area by car and parking there,

21. Park & Ride Facilities • Ample parking space must be provided at the interchange to ensure that parking is easily obtained at all times, • The park-and-ride interchange must be properly located, • The car park must be well designed and supervised, • Ample and continuing publicity must be given to the park-and-ride scheme

22. Parking Garage / Underground • Structurally, multi-storey facilities can also be divided according to whether they are long- or short-span construction, • the main disadvantage of a long-span facility is its higher cost

23. Parking Garage / Underground • Operationally, long-span construction is preferable because: • it is more adaptable to future changes in car design, • it allows more parking stalls per floor area, • there are fewer columns, so that parking/unparking takes places more quickly with less damage to cars, • visibility is improved for both drivers and pedestrians, and • drivers prefer column-free parking

36. Parking Entrance

37. Entrance & Exit of Parking Garage

38. Parking Garage

39. Parking Garage

40. Parking Garage

41. Parking Garage

42. Parking Garage

43. Parking Garage / Underground • Major contributors to extra expense associated with underground car parks include the high costs of: • extensive excavation (magnified if rock is encountered), • the relocation of public utilities, • concrete retaining walls on all sides, • the installation of ongoing dewatering systems,

44. Parking Garage / Underground • the need for a major road load-bearing and waterproof ‘roof’ slab, • artificial lighting (to near daylight quality), • artificial ventilation (to remove dangerous exhaust fumes, and add air for circulation), • special fire-fighting provisions,

45. Parking Entrance

46. Access • Distance from near intersection, • Entrance on one-way streets should be upstream of exit, • Capacity of an entrance is determined by the angle of entry, the type of control used, and the freedom of internal circulation,

47. Access • Typical access control operation: • Pay-on-entry/free-exit operation, • Free-entry/pay-on-exit operation, • Free-entry/pay-before-exit operation • Pay and display • Garages should have access to two or more streets

50. ParkingMeter