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PREPAREDNESS IN PAKISTAN POST 2005 EARTHQUAKE

PREPAREDNESS IN PAKISTAN POST 2005 EARTHQUAKE. LT GEN (R) FAROOQ AHMAD KHAN, CHAIRMAN, NDMA. 1. 2. PAKISTAN ’ S HAZARDS VULNERABILITIES. OIL SPILLS. DROUGHT. FOREST FIRES. FLOODS. 4. TSUNAMIS. TRANSPORTATION ACCIDENTS. CHEMICAL ACCIDENTS. INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS. 5. LAND SLIDES.

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PREPAREDNESS IN PAKISTAN POST 2005 EARTHQUAKE

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  1. PREPAREDNESS IN PAKISTAN POST 2005 EARTHQUAKE LT GEN (R) FAROOQ AHMAD KHAN, CHAIRMAN, NDMA 1

  2. 2

  3. PAKISTAN’S HAZARDS VULNERABILITIES

  4. OIL SPILLS DROUGHT FOREST FIRES FLOODS 4

  5. TSUNAMIS TRANSPORTATION ACCIDENTS CHEMICAL ACCIDENTS INDUSTRIAL ACCIDENTS 5

  6. LAND SLIDES NEELUM RIVER 6

  7. EARTHQUAKE 7

  8. 1935 1905 1803 1950 1833 1934 1897 1945 1819 2001 1737 1941 1881 EARTHQUAKES OF GREATER THAN M=7.5 OCCURRED IN THE REGION 8

  9. Chaman: Balochistan EARTHQUAKE IN PAKISTAN – 18926.8 MAGNITUDE 9

  10. EARTHQUAKE KANGRA 19057.8 MAGNITUDE 19,727 Himachal Pradesh Town Hall Lahore After Before 10

  11. EARTHQUAKE IN QUETTA – 19357.7 MAGNITUDE Railway Station 35,000 deaths Lytton Road 35,000 deaths 11

  12. 12

  13. SEISMIC ZONES OF PAKISTANEARTHQUAKE/ SEISMIC 13

  14. TSUNAMIS 14

  15. TSUNAMI - 1945 (MAKRAN COAST) PASNI 21 Nov 21: 56 UTC 8.3 Karachi Pasni Wave Height 40 ft Casualties 4000 15

  16. EARTHQUAKE 2005 16

  17. TOTAL POPULATION : 3.5 M Pattan Kaghan Batgram Balakot GHB Mzd Mansehra Abbotabad Bagh Arja Rwkt Isd Gilgit 7.6 Kalam FAULT LINE 100 KM LONG Mingora • HUMAN LOSS - 73,338 • INJURED - 1,28,309 • FAMILIES AFFECTED- 500,000 Mardan Peshawar Rwp AREA AFFECTED-30,000 SQ KM 17

  18. DAMAGES DUE TO EARTHQUAKE • MOST OF THE UTILITIES LIKE TELECOM, WATER SUPPLY & ELECTRICITY WERE OUT OF ORDER • 200 MILLION TONS DEBRIS TO BE MANAGED 18

  19. THE RELIEF COMMISSIONERATE SYSTEM IN TERMS OF THE CALAMITY ACT OF 1958 MEANT FOR PROVIDING RELIEF ASSISTANCE UNDER THE OLD ARRANGEMENT UNDER THE 1973 RULES OF BUSINESS, THE SUBJECT OF DISASTER RELIEF WAS ASSIGNED TO THE ERC OF THE CABINET DIVISION CRISIS MANAGEMENT CELL OF THE MINISTRY OF INTERIOR WAS CHARGED WITH THE RESPONSIBILITY OF COORDINATION OF EMERGENCIES THE CIVIL DEFENCE ORGANISATION WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTAINING NORMAL LIFE ACTIVITIES/ ITS RESTORATION WITHOUT DELAY, IF DISTURBED DUE TO ENEMY ACTION OR NATURAL CALAMITIES The focus of the above institutional arrangements remained primarily on post disaster response PRE - EARTHQUAKE - 05 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 19

  20. EARTHQUAKE – 2005 AND FORMATION OF FEDERAL RELIEF COMMISSION (FRC) MANDATE. “THE “FEDERAL RELIEF COMMISSION” SHALL CO-ORDINATE AND MONITOR THE RELIEF EFFORTS. HE SHALL REPORT DIRECTLY TO THE PRIME MINISTER. ALL AGENCIES CONCERNED WITH THE RELIEF AND REHABILITATION EFFORTS, INCLUDING CABINET, HEALTH, INTERIOR, FOREIGN AFFAIRS, COMMUNICATION AND INFORMATION DIVISIONS SHALL FUNCTION THROUGH HIM AND FORM A PART OF THE TEAM. ARMED FORCES SHALL ALSO BE A PART OF THE TEAM” 20

  21. DISASTER MANAGEMENT SPECTRUM • PSYCHO, PHYSICAL TRAUMA • SOCIO- ECONOMIC FALL OUTS • DISPLACED PEOPLE • IMPLICATIONS OF DEVASTATION AND DESTRUCTION • EVACUATIONS • DAMAGE CONTROL • HEALTH, FOOD, SHELTER • MULTI-LATERAL DIMENSIONS • ALL SPHERE OF LIFE • INSTITUTIONS • INFRASTRUCTURE • SOCIETY, FACILITIES RECONST RESPONSE MECHANISM CONSEQUENCE MGMT, RESCUE & REL REC & REHAB • RELIEF LOGISTICS • RESTORATIONS • SOCIAL/CIVIC ORDER • REVIVAL OF SYSTEMS • BUILDING CAPACITIES PREP & MITIGATION • INSTITUTION AND LEGAL ARRANGEMENTS • HAZARD AND VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT • TRAINING, EDUCATION AND AWARENESS • MULTIHAZARD EARLY WARNING SYSTEM • EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEM • CAPACTIY DEVELOPMENT 21

  22. COORDINATION MECHANISM FEDERAL RELIEF COMMISSIONER ARMY UN/US/NATO PAF MINISTRIES INTL ORGs/NGOs FMNS LOG AVN MED GOVT DEPTS WB/ IDB/ ADB /IMF ENGRS ISPR PROVINCES FOREIGN SP PIA, RAILWAYS, NLC, WAPDA, UTILITY STORES, PTCL, SCO, ERC, NCMC PUBLIC/VOLUNTEERS EXPATRIATES PHILANTHROPIST 22

  23. NODES NODES NODES NODES NODES NODES NODES IOs/NGOs DOMESTIC SOURCES FOREIGN COUNTRIES BY AIR/RD/TRAIN Base Base Base FWD BASES BY AIR/HEL/ROAD HELs, ANIMAL TRANSPORT MAN PACK , LIGHT VEHICLES DISTRIBUTION POINTS • FORWARD TO REAR ------ HIGHER TO LOWER • HUTMENTS, HAMLETS, HOUSES LEVEL OP 23

  24. RESCUE, RELIEF & RECOVERYCLUSTER APPROACH HEALTH -- WHO HEALTH SHELTER -- IOM FOOD LOGISTICS -- WFP LOGISTICS EARLY RECOVERY -- UNDP CAMP MANAGEMENT - UNHCR EDUCATION FRC CLUSTERS WATER, SANITATION- UNICEF UN CLUSTERS PROTECTION SAFETY, SECURITY -UNDSS FOOD/NUTRITION WFP, UNICEF SHELTERS CAMP MANAGEMENT PROTECTION, EDUCATIONUNICEF INFRASTRUCTURE INFO, TELECOMM WFP, UNICEF

  25. LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005

  26. LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005 • MOVE BEYOND ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIORS AND EGOS • CREATE INTER AGENCIES & MULTI-ORGANIZATIONAL LIAISON MECHANISM • DE-CONFLICTING CONSTITUTIONAL AND INSTITUTIONAL DOMAINS AND SPHERES • HARMONIZE POLICIES AND RULES OF OFFICIAL BUSINESS • ONE ROOF/ONE WINDOW OPERATION AT STRAT / OPERATIONAL LEVELS

  27. LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005 NEED FOR A PERMANENT LEAN STRUCTURE FOCUSED APPROACH NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT AUTHORITY FLEXIBLE CAPACITIES

  28. LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005 • DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION • CREATE STRONG LINK BETWEEN MEDIA, AFFECTEES AND THE WORLD COMMUNITY • THEIR JOB BE FACILITATED BY SHARING DATA AND INGRAINING THEM INTO THE RELIEF ORGANIZATION

  29. LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005 • QUICK & SMOOTH RESPONSE • HAVE SOPs • ESTABLISH COORDINATION CENTERS • SHARE INFORMATION • USE COMMON DATABASE • TRAIN SEARCH AND RESCUE TEAMS (REDUCING TIME OF EXECUTION CAN REDUCE THE COST OF MANAGING A CATASTROPHE)

  30. LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005 • CAPACITY BUILDING IN S&R. CAPACITY BUILDING THROUGH EXPERTISE, EQUIPMENT & TRAINING FOR SEARCH, RESCUE AND DEBRIS REMOVAL TASKS • PROMPT DECISION MAKING. SMOOTH FIELD OPERATIONS NEED CONTINUOUS ANALYSIS OF IMPEDIMENTS AND PROMPT DECISION MAKING TO ADJUST MICRO STRATEGIES

  31. LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005 • DEPENDENCY SYNDROME • UPLIFT COMMUNITIES FROM CYCLE OF DEPENDENCY INTO SELF-RELIANCE • REGENERATION OF SOCIAL AND CULTURAL COHESION

  32. LESSONS LEARNT FROM EQ 2005 • WIDE RANGING DISASTER MANAGEMENT STRATEGY • LIKELY SCENARIOS • DELINEATION OF RESPONSIBILITIES • CAPACITY BUILDING GUIDELINES • COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT. TO MAKE RELIEF PROCESS SELF-SUSTAINING LOCAL COMMUNITIES, NOTABLES, POLITICAL LEADERS AND LOCAL GOVT REPRESENTATIVES BE DOVETAILED

  33. POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS

  34. POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT ORDINANCE 2006/7 PROMULGATED IN DEC 2006 CALLS FOR ESTABLISHMENT OF DM ENTITIES AT FEDERAL, PROVINCIAL AND DISTRICT LEVELS NDMC HEADED BY THE PM (POLICY MAKING BODY) AND NDMA AS EXECUTIVE ARM NDMA RESPONSIBLE TO MANAGE COMPLETE SPECTRUM OF DM AT NATIONAL LEVEL FOR DM, ALL AGENCIES - FOREIGN OR DOMESTIC - SHALL WORK THROUGH NDMA

  35. POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS DIFFERENT TIERS OF THE SYSTEM National Disaster Management Commission (NDMC) National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) Provincial/ Regional Disaster Management Commission (PDMCs) Federal Ministries, Departments, Technical Agencies Provincial/ Regional Disaster Management Authorities (PDMAs) Media, Banks, Insurance & Private sector District/ Municipal Disaster Management Authorities (DDMAs) Donors, UN, NGOs, Media Tehsil Structures 35

  36. NDMC MEMBERS: PRIME MINISTER, OPPOSITION LEADER, PROVINCIAL CHIEF MINISTERS AND CIVIL SOCIETY REPRESENTATIVES FUNCTIONS LAYS DOWN POLICIES AT NATIONAL LEVEL APPROVES NATIONAL DM FRAMEWORK AND PLAN ENSURE INTEGRATED NATIONAL RESPONSE NDMA(EXECUTIVE ARM OF NDMC) SECRETARIAT TO NDMC MANAGES COMPLETE SPECTRUM OF DRM AT NATIONAL LEVEL MAP ALL HAZARDS IN THE COUNTRY ORGANIZE TRAINING AND AWARENESS RAISING ACTIVITIES ACT AS GOP’s FOCAL POINT FOR DEALING WITH NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITY POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS 36

  37. POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS NDMA ORGANOGRAM Chairman SO Dir Ops/ Coord Prep Aviation Wing Dir HR & Procurement Dir Finance & Accounts Ops Wing Co-opted Members Recovery & Rehabilitation/ Re-const Wing Military Wing Ops Centre • SUMMARY • Officers - 26 • Supporting Staff - 85 • Total - 111 Avn Med Log Engrs Ops 37

  38. POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS PDMC MEMBERS. CHIEF MINISTER, LEADER OF OPPOSITION & A NOMINEE OF THE LEADER OF OPPOSITION FUNCTIONS. SAME FUNCTIONS AT PROVINCIAL LEVEL AS OF NDMC AT NATIONAL LEVEL PDMA SECRETARIAT OF PDMC DEALS WITH WHOLE SPECTRUM OF DRM AT PROVINCIAL LEVEL PERFORMS SAME FUNCTIONS AT PROVINCIAL LEVEL AS OF NDMA AT NATIONAL LEVEL

  39. POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS DDMA ACTS AS FIRST RESPONDER DEALS WITH WHOLE SPECTRUM OF DRM AT DISTRICT LEVEL IMPLEMENT NATIONAL / PROVINCIAL POLICIES AND STRATEGIES AT DISTRICT LEVEL MOBILIZES RESOURCES AT DISTRICT LEVEL GIVE DIRECTIONS/GUIDELINES TO DISTRICT DEPARTMENTS / ORGANIZATIONS FOR PREVENTION AND MITIGATION OF DISASTERS

  40. POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS NATIONAL DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK NINE PRIORITY AREAS IDENTIFIED ESTABLISH AND STRENGTHEN (INSTITUTIONS AND CAPACITIES) NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT TRAINING AWARENESS MULTI HAZARD EWS MAINSTREAMING DRR INTO DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY BASED DRR INITIATIVES EMERGENCY RESPONSE SYSTEMS CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT FOR POST DISASTER RECOVERY

  41. POST EQ 2005 LEGAL AND INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS • NDMF • TO BE UTILIZED TO DEAL WITH WHOLE SPECTRUM OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES • PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS ARE ALSO REQUIRED TO ESTABLISH SIMILAR FUNDS UNDER THE RESPECTIVE PDMAS • NIDM • CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT • WILL CATER FOR DOMESTIC / REGIONAL TRAINING AND RESEARCH NEEDS • DRM COURSES STARTED UNDER THE NIDM WHILE INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTE WILL BE INITIATED SHORTLY

  42. KEY DRM INITIATIVES NATIONAL CAPACITY BUILDING FOR DRM PROJECT HRD FOR DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT DRM PLANNING DRR MAINSTREAMING COMMUNITY BASED DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES RESPONSE PROJECT – PEER & USAR

  43. KEY DRM INITIATIVES NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR 2009-10 FULL OPERATIONALIZATION OF PDMAS AND DDMAS IN 50 HIGH RISK DISTRICTS COMPLETION OF NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT EXERCISE RISK SENSITIVE DEVELOPMENT POLICY AND PLANNING COMMUNITY BASED MITIGATION PROGRAMMES IN 50 DISTRICTS HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT IN DRM RAISING PUBLIC AWARENESS EMERGENCY RESPONSE CAPACITY DEVELOPMENT

  44. KEY DRM INITIATIVES Contingency Plans Winter Contingency Plan Cyclone Contingency Plan (for Karachi City) Monsoon Contingency Plan 2007-2008 Marine Oil/Chemical Spill Contingency Plan Industrial & Chemical Accidents Contingency Plan (advanced stage of finalization) Technical Contingency Plan

  45. KEY DRM INITIATIVES COMPOSITE RISK ASSESSMENT PROJECT MAPPING OF HAZARD RISKS IN PAKISTAN DEVELOP GUIDELINES & STANDARDS FOR RESPONSE EQUIP NATIONAL AND PROVINCIAL EMERGENCY OPERATION CENTRES WITH ESSENTIAL IT EQUIPMENT PREPARE NATIONAL DISASTER RESPONSE PLAN, DEVELOP DEPARTMENTAL SOPS FOR DISASTER RESPONSE DEVELOP AN INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR DISASTER RESPONSE

  46. CHALLENGES POLITICAL ATTENTION RESOURCE CONSTRAINTS AND COMPETING DEMANDS LACK OF AWARENESS AND PROFESSIONAL EXPERTISE IN THE FIELD OF DRM WAVERING COMMITMENTS FROM THE DONOR AGENCIES

  47. THANK YOU

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