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Transition to an Open Access policy

Open Access event, University of the Western Cape Bellville, South Africa, 13 August 2013. Transition to an Open Access policy. Alma Swan Director, SPARC Europe Director, K ey Perspectives Ltd Convenor , Enabling Open Scholarship. Open Access. Immediate Free (to use)

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Transition to an Open Access policy

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  1. Open Access event, University of the Western Cape Bellville, South Africa, 13 August 2013 Transition to an Open Access policy Alma Swan Director, SPARC Europe Director, Key Perspectives Ltd Convenor, Enabling Open Scholarship

  2. Open Access Immediate Free (to use) Free (of restrictions) Access to the peer-reviewed literature (and data) Not vanity publishing Not a ‘stick anything up on the Web’ approach Moving scholarly communication into the Web Age

  3. Open Access: how Open Access repositories Open Access journals (www.doaj.org) Open Access monographs

  4. Open Access repositories Digital collections Most usually institutional Sometimes centralised (subject-based) Interoperable Form a network across the world Create a global database of openly-accessible research Currently c2500

  5. N.B. 9 items from 2013

  6. Open Access journals Content available free of charge online In many cases, free of restrictions on use too Some charge at the ‘front end’ More than half do not levy a charge at all Around 8500 of them Listed in the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ: www.doaj.org)

  7. Open Access: why? Make research optimally effective and efficient Maximise the visibility and impact of research, wherever it is done and whoever does it Make research available without barriers to other researchers, north/north, south/south, south/north and north/south Enable new semantic technologies (text-mining and data-mining) Enable effective monitoring and assessment of research Make publicly-funded research available to the ‘public’

  8. Author advantages from Open Access Visibility Usage Impact Profiling and marketing

  9. University of Liege repository:authors deposit

  10. And the material gets used

  11. Individual article usage

  12. Individual article usage

  13. Individual authors’ usage

  14. Individual authors’ usage

  15. Impact Range = 36%-200% (Data: StevanHarnad and co-workers)

  16. Engineering Citations Data: Gargouri & Harnad, 2010

  17. Clinical medicine Citations Data: Gargouri & Harnad, 2010

  18. Social science Citations Data: Gargouri & Harnad, 2010

  19. Institutional advantages from Open Access Visibility, usage Impact Profiling and marketing Outreach to the public: demonstrating social return Economic benefits

  20. “I am asked how many articles my researchers publish each year, and I have to say ‘I have no idea!’” Professor Bernard Rentier, Rector, University of Liege, Belgium, explaining one of the reasons why he has built an institutional Open Access repository and introduced a mandatory policy on Open Access

  21. MIT’s repository usage

  22. Webometrics

  23. The public Independent researchers Education sector Professional community Practitioner community Interested ‘lay’ public Business sector, including innovative SMEs

  24. PubMed Central • 2 million full-text articles • 420,000 unique users per day: • 25% universities • 17% companies • 18% government and others • 40% citizens

  25. EU CIS studies

  26. Economic implications in Denmark Houghton, Swan & Brown, 2011 Access to research articles by SMEs is very/extremely important: 48% 79% have access difficulties Difficulties in searching/accessing articles: €73m per year to researchers in Danish firms Average delay to product or process development without access to academic research: 2.2 years For new products: €4.8 million per company

  27. Total Research Income: QUT and sector Data: Tom Cochrane, Deputy Vice-Chancellor, QUT

  28. Policy Must be mandatory Funder policies: 81 Institutional policies: 177 Sub-institutional policies: 40 Multi-institutional policies: 6

  29. The effect of a mandatory policy

  30. Mandatory policies

  31. Funder policies

  32. Institutional policies

  33. “The case for Open Access within a university is not simply political or economic or professional. It needs to rest in the notion of what a university is and what it should be .... It is central to the university’s position in the public space” Professor Martin Hall, Vice Chancellor of the University of Salford, UK

  34. Daniel Coit Gilman First President, Johns Hopkins University “It is one of the noblest duties of a university to advance knowledge and to diffuse it, not merely among those who can attend the daily lectures, but far and wide.”

  35. Thank you for listening aswan@keyperspectives.co.uk www.openscholarship.org www.sparceurope.org www.openoasis.org www.keyperspectives.co.uk Good practice guide for institutional policy-making: http://bit.ly/Rq8Hwa

  36. Policy guidance • Good Practice Guide for Institutions: • Published for Open Access Week 2012 • Developed at Harvard • http://bit.ly/Rq8Hwa • UNESCO OA Policy Guidelines: • Published February 2012 • PDF: http://bit.ly/Hjdb3w • eBook: http://bit.ly/TLihLl

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