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IPv4/v6 Mobility

IPv4/v6 Mobility. Youn-Hee Han yhhan@kut.ac.kr Korea University of Technology and Education Internet Computing Laboratory http://icl.kut.ac.kr. Outline. IP Mobility - Why and What Mobile IPv4 (RFC 3344) Mobile IPv6 (RFC 3775) PMIPv6 (Proxy Mobile IPv6) Background

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IPv4/v6 Mobility

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  1. IPv4/v6 Mobility Youn-Hee Han yhhan@kut.ac.kr Korea University of Technology and EducationInternet Computing Laboratory http://icl.kut.ac.kr

  2. Outline • IP Mobility - Why and What • Mobile IPv4 (RFC 3344) • Mobile IPv6 (RFC 3775) • PMIPv6 (Proxy Mobile IPv6) Background • PMIPv6 Overview & Features • IPv4 Support for PMIPv6 • PMIPv6 and MIPv6 (Mobile IPv6) Interworking • Summary KT 세미나

  3. IP Mobility - Why and What KT 세미나

  4. IP’s Routing Model • Addresses are assigned in a topologically significant manner • Routing based on address prefixes • MN(Mobile Node) must be assigned a new address when it moves Router 163.152.39.12 163.152.39.11 Internet 163.152.39.10 163.152.39.10 Router 220.68.82.12 220.68.82.11 KT 세미나

  5. IP Session Continuity • TCP connections are defined by… • [Source IP, Source Port, Destination IP, Destination Port] • MN’s address must be preserved regardless of its location to preserve the on-going IP session. • Threfore, when an MN moves, • Retain the MN address → Routing fails • Change the MN address → IP Session breaks Router Internet 163.152.39.10 220.68.82.10 39.10.10.5 Router KT 세미나

  6. Solutions : Two-tier IP addressing • MN keeps its static IP address, but uses a temporary a CoA(care-of address) when it moves to another subnet Router Internet 163.152.39.10 163.152.39.10 39.10.10.5 Router 220.68.82.10 HoA (Home Address) – the original static IP address – 163.152.39.10 CoA (Care-of Address) – the temporary IP address – 220.68.82.10 KT 세미나

  7. Why Network-layer Mobility? • Transport Layer/ Application Layer transparency • Can even change physical media without breaking connections • Mobility management is related with addressing KT 세미나

  8. WiBro Network Architecture • Network Model in WiMax/IEEE 802.16 LMA Policy Store MAG KT 세미나

  9. WiBro Network Architecture • Network Model in WiMax/IEEE 802.16 KT 세미나

  10. Backbone Network Routing Micro Mobility Zone ACR - 1 ACR - 2 ( Anchor ) IP Cloud for L 2 Mobility L 2 p E E x x t e t a n t e d n RAS3 e h d d RAS2 L e 2 d p a RAS1 L t h 2 p a t RAS2 h PG 2 PG 1 RAS3 RAS1 Subnet - 1 PG 1 Subnet - 2 PG 2 MSS MSS MSS MSS ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) HO using L 2 HO over different ACRs Path Extension using L 2 Path Extension Things to be considered • IP Mobility가 이동통신망에서 필요한가? 현재 WiBro에서는..? • 단말기를 단순한 클라이언트로만 생각한다면 IP Mobility Service는 필요 없고 단순한 L2 Path Extension 기능만 있어도 될 것 같아… • 그러나, IP Session 유지 기간에 따라 IP Mobility Service에 대한 중요도가 높아질 것 같아. KT 세미나

  11. The world of IPv6 Mobile telephone Data-compatible home appliances Settlement \ \ Broadcasting Data car IPv６ Map information Vending machines Image Server DRINK \ \ Music Things to be considered • IP Mobility 지원이 필요 없는 거 아니야? • 단말기도 일종의 서버가 될 수 있다고 생각한다면 IP Mobility Service가 필요 하지 않을까…? • 단말기들 사이의 Peer-to-Peer 서비스를 원할하게 제공해야 한다면 IP Mobility Service는 필요할 것 같아. • IP 세션을 사람의 개입 없이 기계들 끼리 자동으로 열고 닫고 한다면…? KT 세미나

  12. Things to be considered • 도대체 WiBro 네트워크 내에 ACR의 개수가 몇 개인데? • Router 장비인 ACR(서브넷) 2~3 개 정도로 서울 시내를 모두 Cover 한다고 들었어… 그러면, L2 Path Extension 만으로도 충분하지 않을까? • 도대체 서브넷을 이동하는 횟수가 얼마나 되는데? • 대부분의 시간에 서브넷의 경계에 위치하는 사용자는? • 만약에 WiBro가 전국 서비스망으로 확장된다면 ACR의 개수는 얼마나 될까? 만약에 10개 이상… 그 보다 더 많아진다면 IP Mobility는 필요할 것 같아… • WiBro와 WLAN 간의 이동은? WiBro와 3G (HSDPA) Network간의 이동은? 당연히 IP 가 바뀌겠지… IP Mobility가 필요하겠다. KT 세미나

  13. Mobile IPv4 (RFC 3344) KT 세미나

  14. Mobile IPv4 • History • RFC 2002 (IP Mobility Support for IPv4), Oct. 1996 • RFC 3344 (IP Mobility Support for IPv4), Aug. 2002 • 20 Major Changes, 16 Minor Changes since RFC 2002 • draft-ietf-mip4-rfc3344bis-03.txt (IP Mobility Support for IPv4, revised), March 2007 • 20 Major Changes, 17 Minor Changes since RFC 3344 • Major Component • HA – Home Agent • FA – Foreign Agent • MN – Mobile Node KT 세미나

  15. Mobile IPv4 Operation Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv4 • Basic Operation of Mobile IPv4 CN Normal routing MN in Home Network MN has only HoA KT 세미나

  16. Mobile IPv4 Operation Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv4 • Basic Operation of Mobile IPv4 CN Normal routing 1) AgentSolicitation 2) Agent Advertisement MN in Foreign Network 3) MN obtains a new CoA (FA-CoA) KT 세미나

  17. Mobile IPv4 Operation Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv4 • Basic Operation of Mobile IPv4 CN Binding Cache 2) RegistrationRequest HoA CoA Normal routing 3) Registration Reply 1) Registration Request 4) Registration Reply MN in Foreign Network KT 세미나

  18. Mobile IPv4 Operation Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv4 • Basic Operation of Mobile IPv4 CN Binding Cache HoA CoA KT 세미나

  19. Mobile IPv4 Operation Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv4 • Basic Operation of Mobile IPv4 CN Binding Cache HoA CoA 1) AgentSolicitation 2) Agent Advertisement 3) MN obtains a new CoA (FA-CoA) KT 세미나

  20. Mobile IPv4 Operation Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv4 • Basic Operation of Mobile IPv4 2) RegistrationRequest CN Binding Cache HoA New CoA 3) Registration Reply 4) Registration Reply 1) RegistrationRequest KT 세미나

  21. Mobile IPv4 Operation Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv4 • Basic Operation of Mobile IPv4 CN Binding Cache HoA New CoA KT 세미나

  22. Characteristics of Mobile IPv4 • Agent Discovery • Agent Solicitation/Agent Advertisement (ICMP Messages) • Registration • Registration Request/Registration Reply (UDP Messages) • Notes: • Triangle Routing • CN  HA  MN, MN  HA  CN • Two CoA Modes • FA-CoA • MNs receive a CoA from FA • FAmanages ‘Visitor List’, which has the entry [HoA, Layer 2 ID] • Host Routing (Not Prefix Routing) • No duplication about new CoA • Co-located CoA • DHCP-based CoA allocation • DHCP server should guarantee the uniqueness of CoA KT 세미나

  23. Mobile IPv6 (RFC 3775) KT 세미나

  24. The world of IPv6 Mobile telephone Data-compatible home appliances Settlement \ \ Broadcasting Data car IPv６ Map information Vending machines Image Server DRINK \ \ Music IPv6… Why IPv6? Why IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 • Infinite Address Space • 128 bits address • Autoconfiguration Service • IP address auto-configuration without DHCP • Efficient Routing • Managed prefix allocation • The number of routing entry will be reduced at routers • Perfect peer-to-peering • Built-in Security • Efficient Mobility KT 세미나

  25. Why IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 Mobile IPv6 • RFC 3775, Mobility Support in IPv6, June 2004 • D. Johnson (Rice Univ.), C. Perkins (Nokia), J. Arkko (Ericsson) • It takes almost 3 years to make it RFC. • Major Components • HA • MN • (no FA) • MIPv6 is a network-layer protocol, while MIPv4 is a application-layer protocol (with network-layer modification). KT 세미나

  26. Why IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 New Message and Options of Mobile IPv6 • New Signal Message related with Binging Management • Binding Update (BU) • Binding Acknowledgement (BAck) • Binding Refresh Request (BRR) • Binding Error (BE) • New Signal Message related with Binding Authentication • Home Test Init (HoTI) • Care-of Test Init (CoTI) • Home Test (HoT) • Care-of Test (CoT) • New Destination Option • Home Address Destination Option • New Routing Header Type • Routing Header Type 2 KT 세미나

  27. Why IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv6 • MN in Home Network CN Home N/W Internet AR HA MN with Home Address KT 세미나

  28. Why IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv6 • Movement to a Foreign Network CN Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W 3) MN sends a BU AR AR HA 4) HA acknowledges by returning BAck to MN 5) Setup Proxy Neighbor Cache 1) MN detects its Movements 2) MN configures New CoA KT 세미나

  29. Why IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv6 • Intercept packets sent from CNs CN Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W AR AR HA MN HA intercepts packets with Home Address as its destination address KT 세미나

  30. Why IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv6 • Packet Tunneling CN Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W AR AR HA MN HA sends encapsulated packets to MN’s CoA Looping Back Process the packet (Decapsulation) KT 세미나

  31. Why IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv6 • Return Routability with CN 5) CN generates ‘binding management key’ CN 4) MN sends CoTI to CN directly Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W AR AR HA 3) MN sends HoTI to CN via HA MN 1) MN guesses that the CN has no Binding Cache for me2) MN executes Return Routability KT 세미나

  32. Why IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv6 • Return Routability with CN 5) MN sends BU with binding authorization data 6) CN need not return Binding Acknowledgement CN 2) CN sends CoT to MN directly Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W AR AR HA 1) CN sends HoT to MN via HA MN 3) MN generates ‘binding management key’ 4) MN computes binding authorization data (signature) for BU meesage KT 세미나

  33. Why IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv6 • Data Routing after BU with CN CN directly sends packets to MN’s CoA using Routing header type 2 CN Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W AR AR HA MN KT 세미나

  34. Why IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 Operation Sketch of Mobile IPv6 • When the binding’s lifetime of CN is near expiration 1) CN guesses that it is actively communicating with the mobile node and has indications, such as an open TCP connection to the MN 2) CN sends a BRR to the MN CN Internet Home N/W Foreign N/W AR AR HA MN 3) MN replies by returning a BU to the CN KT 세미나

  35. Why IPv6 and Mobile IPv6 Characteristics of Mobile IPv6 • How to make CoA? • Auto-configuration • Without DHCP • With DHCP • Duplication Address Detection (DAD) is required. • Route optimization supported • Triangle routing avoided • But, CN is required to be modified for the route optimization • Security • MN  HA : Strong Security (IPSec) • MN  CN : Weak Security (Return Routability) • Handover latency increased KT 세미나

  36. WCDMA 101 • WCDMA Evolution KT 세미나

  37. GSM/WCDMA Network Architecture Node B KT 세미나

  38. Core Network Architecture MAG Serving GPRS Support Node (SGSN) Packet transfer to, from serving area Registration, authentication, mobility management / handover, CDRs logical links to BTS, tunnel to GGSN Gateway GPRS Support Node (GGSN) Gateway to external IP networks (VPN/ISP etc) IP network security GPRS session mgmt, AAAA CDRs for charging KT 세미나

  39. Core Network Architecture PDP: Packet Data Protocol (PDP) is a network protocol used by an external packet data network interfacing to GPRS. PDP Context: Information sets held in MS and GSNs for a PDP address KT 세미나

  40. Core Network Architecture MAG AAA/Policy Store LMA KT 세미나

  41. HLR etc. Mobile IP in UMTS UTRAN HA Gp SGSN RNS IP network CN GGSN FA SGSN BG Iur HA GGSN MAP HA RNS PLMN backbone Internet filter R GGSN SGSN FA RNS FA In R99 UTRAN Iu BG Border Gateway R Router HA Home Agent FA Foreign Agent KT 세미나

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