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Western Europe: Political Reconstruction

Western Europe: Political Reconstruction. Many of postwar reforms focused on a desire for social reforms Women received the right to vote in France, Italy, and Switzerland Provide security for old age, disability, ill health, and unemployment The European welfare states emerged

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Western Europe: Political Reconstruction

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  1. Western Europe: Political Reconstruction

  2. Many of postwar reforms focused on a desire for social reforms • Women received the right to vote in France, Italy, and Switzerland • Provide security for old age, disability, ill health, and unemployment • The European welfare states emerged • Christian Democrats played key roles in most new gov’ts of Western Europe • Represents conservative and business interests with Christian morals as guidance

  3. Great Britain and the Labour Party • Post-WWII, The Labour Party won majority of Parliament • Britain had parliamentary socialism and the modern welfare state • Nationalization of major industries occurred • Social insurance provided for old age and unemployment • A national health service was createdhigher income taxes • Labour and Conservatives each take turns running the gov’t • Great Britain continues to support strains of socialism

  4. The Federal Republic of Germany • “denazification” occurred along with the Nuremburg Trials • W. Germanyprivateindustry, capitalist economy, and broad social services • Labor unions and industry worked together to moderate wages • The Basic Law established the new country and an extensive bill of rights • Gov’t: Chancellor and proportional representation in two legislative houses

  5. Postwar France: Political Instability • France has had five republics since 1792 • 1792-1804—the First Republic • 1848-1852—the Second Republic • 1870-1940—the Third Republic • 1947-1958—the Fourth Republic • 1958-present—the Fifth Republic • What is a republic? • A government in which supreme power resides in a body of citizens entitled to vote and is exercised by elected officers and representatives who are responsible to them and who govern according to the law.

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