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Lighting

Lighting. Johnny Mac. Our eyes. Try to make sense of what we see. Properties of a light source. What is a light source? Direction Quality – (Hardness/Softness) Colour Intensity YOU CHOOSE. Direction of light source. Light can come from anywhere (360 degree space)

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Lighting

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  1. Lighting Johnny Mac

  2. Our eyes • Try to make sense of what we see

  3. Properties of a light source • What is a light source? • Direction • Quality – (Hardness/Softness) • Colour • Intensity • YOU CHOOSE

  4. Direction of light source • Light can come from anywhere (360 degree space) • 3 dimensionality (shadows, sculpting, how many?) • The sun • front, side, back, low, high • Mood/interpretation (semiotics) • To change direction of a light source

  5. Front light • Flat – no shadows

  6. Side light • Shadows – depth, sculpting

  7. Back light • Depth • Rim light

  8. Top Light • Deep downward shadows

  9. Bottom Light • Unnatural • Upward shadows

  10. Quality of light source(Hard or Soft) • Shadow edge • Size of light source • Type of light source • Distance of light source • To make a soft light hard • To make a hard light soft

  11. Hard Light • Hard edged shadows • Definition • Texture • Directionality • Small source • Distant source • Cruel

  12. Soft Light • Soft/no shadows • No direction • No texture • Large source • Close source • Beautify

  13. Colour of a light source • White is an even mix of all colours • Different colours create different moods/have different interpretations

  14. Colour Temperature • Degrees Kelvin • Different light sources have a different temperature • Our eyes compensate

  15. Changing colour • Gels in front of light source • Filters in front of lens • Bounce light source off coloured surface • Electronically dim an electric light source • Different time of day for sun • White balance camera to different colour (digital only)

  16. Intensity of a light source • Weakens with distance (inv. sq. 2 x dist = ¼ intensity) • Contrast (shadows) • Evenness • Mix of multiple light sources

  17. Altering the Intensity • Look at sources individually • Decide what to expose for • Look at the mix and alter • Increase/decrease light to subject distance (can change quality) • Put something in between light and subject • Electronic dimmer

  18. Measuring exposure • The light meter - reflective • In Camera • Hand held • Grey card • The light meter – incident • Spot • Matrix • YOU CHOOSE WHAT PART OF THE IMAGE IS EXPOSED CORRECTLY

  19. Main light sources • Sun • cool (varying depending on time of day) • hard (unless cloud cover or ambient through window) • Tungsten lights • warm (e.g. house lights) • hard or soft • Flash • short bursts • daylight balanced • usually tungsten modelling light • soft or hard • What else can be used as a light source?

  20. Alternative light sources • Desk lamp • Floor lamp • Window • Mirror • Esky lid • White sheet • Car headlights • CUTTING (Shaping)

  21. 3 Point Lighting(A good starting point) • Key • Fill • Back • To be covered in tutes in TV Studio

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