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The Arab-Israeli Conflict. 1945-1979. Introduction: the postwar situation. Zionist organizations supported GB: the Jewish Brigade in Rome. I- The postwar era. A- The UN vote of the Partition of Palestine and the Civil War B- The Declaration of Independence and the War of Independence
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The Arab-Israeli Conflict 1945-1979
Introduction: the postwar situation Zionist organizations supported GB: the Jewish Brigade in Rome
I- The postwar era A- The UN vote of the Partition of Palestine and the Civil War B- The Declaration of Independence and the War of Independence C- The beginning of a long crisis: the Arab refugees
The Zionists resumed their fight against the British presence in Palestine: terrorist bombing of the King David’s Hotel (1946), Britain’s headquarter
1945: Creation of the Arab League, in Egypt: their only point of agreement is to prevent the creation of a Jewish state
A decisive problem exploited by the USSR: the Jewish Displaced Persons (DPs) in postwar Europe
DPs camps in Europe and refugees trying to find family members
The Exodus: Holocaust refugees forced back to Germany by GB; others sent to Cyprus detention camps
Nov. 29th 1947: the UN General Assembly voted the Partition of Palestine
Fawzi al-Kaukji Abd al-Kader al-Huseini
The Civil War: Nov. 30th 1947 to May 14th 1948 The DeirYassin massacre, Apr. 9th 1948, by the Irgun
David Ben Gurion: Prime Minister and Min. of Defense Moshe Shertok / Sharett: Foreign Minister
Israel’s victory: the armistice lines of Jan.-Feb. 1949 Israel, 1949-1967
II- The 1950s: from missed opportunities to the Suez Crisis A- The aftermath of the War of Independence: between hopes and turmoil B- The Suez Crisis Oct. 30th - Nov. 7th 1956: Arab-Israeli war, decolonization war, or proxy to the Cold War? C- 1958 upheavals and the US-USSR reassessment of the Middle East
The Sinai Campaign, Oct. 30th – Nov. 7th 1956
III- The 1960s: from missed opportunities to the Six-Day War A- The “Arab Cold War”: inter-Arab rivalries B- The road to war: the Jordan waters dispute, the Fedayeen’s raids and the Israeli retaliations C- The Six-Day War and its aftermath
The Arab Cold War: revolutionary Pan-Arabism vs. traditional conservative dynasties
Main weapons in the 1960s in the Arab-Israeli conflict: French Mirage and Soviet MiG
1964: the PLO is created 1963: the Cairo conference
Prime Minster Levy Eshkol after he resigned from the Defense Ministry, with his replacement Moshe Dayan
The Six-Day War: surprise attack and conquest of the Sinai June 5th-8th
IV- The October War and the Israeli Egyptian Peace Treaty A- The War of Attrition B- The emergence of a Palestinian resistance: Black September, 1970 C- The surprise attack of October 1973 and its aftermath: the Camp David accords, 1979
The first Arab-Israeli peace accords, March 1979, Washington DC