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FAMILIES OF elements

FAMILIES OF elements. By: Alex Pohl. LITHIUM. Alkali Metal So soft that it can be cut with a knife Very reactive and flammable Lightest metal Symbol: Li Atomic number: 3 When mixed with oxygen it turns a silvery grey. MAGNESIUM. Alkaline-Earth Metals

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FAMILIES OF elements

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  1. FAMILIES OF elements By: Alex Pohl

  2. LITHIUM • Alkali Metal • So soft that it can be cut with a knife • Very reactive and flammable • Lightest metal • Symbol: Li • Atomic number: 3 • When mixed with oxygen it turns a silvery grey

  3. MAGNESIUM • Alkaline-Earth Metals • Less reactive than Alkali Metals • Combine with other elements to form compounds • Two magnesium compounds are commonly used to treat minor medical problems.

  4. GOLD • Transition Metal • Generally unreactive • Some transition metals can form up to 4 different ions • Only metal that is golden • A single ounce of gold can be stretched into a gold thread 5 miles long

  5. BORON • Part of the Boron family • Has 3 valence electrons • Boron is used in detergents • May react with other elements to form +3 cations

  6. LEAD • Part of the Carbon family • This family contains 4 valence electrons • Sometimes found free in nature • Lead is a soft metal • Used to create yellow paint

  7. ANTIMONY • Part of the Nitrogen family • Symbol is PB • Has 5 valence electrons • Chemical symbol is Sb

  8. OXYGEN • Part of the Oxygen family • Has 6 valence electrons • Elements in this family may react with other elements to gain 2 electrons to form a -2 charge • Oxygen is the most common element in the earth’s outer layer

  9. FLUORINE • Part of the Halogen family • This family has 7 valence electrons • This family reacts most readily with alkali metals to form salts • Fluorine is used in toothpastes , insecticides, and some plastics

  10. HELIUM • Part of the Noble Gas family • Has 8 valence electrons in the outer most shell • Helium is the second noble gas • It does not burn and is used in balloons and blimps

  11. HOLMIUM • Part of the Lanthanides and Actinides • Begins with the element lanthanum • Atomic number is 57 • Chemical symbol is Ho • Some lanthanides are used in the production of steel and glass

  12. URANIUM • Part of Lanthanides and Actinides • Begins with actinium • Atomic number is 89 • All of these are radioactive • They give off high energy particles

  13. HYDROGEN • Not in any family • Chemical symbol is H • Atomic number is 1 • Hydrogen is colorless, odorless, and non-toxic • The most common isotope of hydrogen is protium

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