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Emotion

Emotion. Emotion – basic components: Physiological arousal (heart beating) Expressive behaviors (quickened pace) Consciously expressed thoughts. 4Theories of Emotion. James-Lange Theory Cannon-Bard Theory Two-Factor Theory Opponent-Process Theory. James-Lange Theory.

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Emotion

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  1. Emotion • Emotion – basic components: • Physiological arousal (heart beating) • Expressive behaviors (quickened pace) • Consciously expressed thoughts

  2. 4Theories of Emotion • James-Lange Theory • Cannon-Bard Theory • Two-Factor Theory • Opponent-Process Theory

  3. James-Lange Theory • Emotions are experienced in the following sequence: • an emotional stimulus is presented, causing one to experience • physiological reactions, which are • consciously experienced as an emotion. • Different emotions have physiological differences • Examples:

  4. Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion • The emotional stimulus simultaneously triggers both physiological change and cognitive awareness • Emotional stimulus is simultaneously routed to cerebral cortex (awareness of emotion)and sympathetic nervous system (body arousal) • Example:

  5. Two-Factor Theory of EmotionAKA Schachter-Singer Theory • Experience of emotion depends on two factors: physiological arousal and the cognitiveinterpretation/label of that arousal. • The label people give an emotion depends on what they find in their environment. • Arousal without a label is not an emotion; a label without arousal does not lead to emotional behavior. • Experiments • Spillover Effect • Example: Cognitive Label “I’m Afraid”

  6. Spill Over Effect • Spill over effect- emotional arousal from one event spills over into our response of the next event • Supports Schachter-Singer Theory • Example:

  7. Theories of emotions

  8. Opponent Process TheoryRichard Solomon • Every emotion triggers an opposing emotion • Happiness/Sadness • Fear/Relief • Pleasure Pain • Love/Hate • Emotions disrupt homeostasis…opposing emotion enables a return to homeostasis • Example:

  9. Emotions and the Autonomic Nervous System • Autonomic nervous system – regulates physiological arousal of emotion • Sympathetic nervous system • Arousing • Epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline) energize and mobilize • Parasympathetic nervous system • Calming • is ideal • well-learned tasks

  10. Emotions and the Autonomic Nervous System

  11. Brain Differences and Emotion • Brain activity is different depending on emotion - consistent with James-Lange Theory • Amygdala – • Thalamus/ Right Hemisphere – • Right prefrontal cortex/frontal lobe – • Left prefrontal cortex/Frontal lobe - • Nucleus accumbens – pleasure (smiling, laughing) • Anterior Singulate Cortex -

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