Chapter 2 – Weather Factors

1. Chapter 2 – Weather Factors 2/23/10

2. Section 1- Energy from the Sun • Electromagnetic waves – a form of energy that can travel through space. • Radiation – the transfer of energy from an electromagnetic wave.

4. Energy from the Sun • Infrared radiation – form of energy with wavelengths that are longer than red light. • Ultraviolet radiation – form of energy with wavelengths that are shorter than violet light.

5. Energy in the Atmosphere • Scattering – reflection of light in all directions. • Clouds in the atmosphere reflect energy from the sun like mirrors. Dust particles and molecules of gas also reflect the sun in all directions.

6. Energy on Earth • When Earth’s surface is heated, it radiates some of the energy back into the atmosphere as infrared radiation. • This heat is absorbed by water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and other gases.

7. Energy on Earth • Greenhouse effect – the absorption by which gases hold on to the heat in the air.

8. Energy on Earth

9. Section 2 – Heat Transfer • Thermal Energy – the total energy of motion in the molecules of a substance. • Temperature is the average amount.

10. Heat Transfer • Heat – the transfer of energy from a hotter object to a cooler one. • There are three types of heat transfer: • Radiation • Conduction • Convection

11. Radiation • This is the heat you feel from the sun or a campfire without touching it. • You cannot see radiation but you can feel it.

12. Conduction • Conduction is the direct energy transfer from one object to another by touching. • Ex. • When you touch a hot pot that is on the stove.

13. Convection • Convection is the transfer of energy by the movement of a fluid. • Ex. • Cooking noodles for spaghetti.