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Decentralized Computing

Decentralized Computing. Group: Goce , Patrick, Claudia, Chris, Ouri, Robert, Markus, Moni. Goce ran off after review session …. And left me with these slides. General. “there is work already done in all relevant areas” (Ouri) – what is specific in context of CTS?

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Decentralized Computing

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  1. Decentralized Computing Group: Goce, Patrick, Claudia, Chris, Ouri, Robert, Markus, Moni Goce ran off after review session …. And left me with these slides

  2. General • “there is work already done in all relevant areas” (Ouri) – what is specific in context of CTS? • Highly temporal data, rapidly changing information, heterogeneous data, data streams • Link between (distributed) analysis and control

  3. trucks cargo (ships) logistics car Aggregation Data; Information train Control bus Accuracy vs. Latency cycle walk Single location Central server Regional servers “D2D” (P2P; roadside) V2V Sequence Infrastructure No Infrastructure Full trajectory Uncertainty/Anonymization Global Overview of Issues in Transitions Among Contexts and Impact of Decentralization

  4. Possible Research Questions • Anonymization of Aggregates (full trajectories) • Background: Regulations, insert random objects, obfuscation/blurring • Methodologies/Tools to orchestrate and control the information flow (in/across infrastructure net) • Inventory of transportation tasks (w.r.t. decentralization, hierarchy, localization accuracy (precise position …. Daily plans) • Novel information-theoretic formalisms and measures for complexity/efficiency • Data freshness/staleness • Communication costs • Transition among the different levels of hierarchical decentralization • Current status / Background: • Kolmogorov Complexity in Wireless Sensor Networks; • Relational Complexity for Traditional Databases; • Triggers from Active Databases and more novel applications (TRG project)

  5. Possible Research Questions • Quality of Data guarantees (what are the trade-offs imposed by decentralization, transitioning across layers and the Quality of Service?); influence of local, i.e. usually only partial knowledge • Background: different error measures (probabilistic, fuzzy, …); • Quality measures for cross-layer execution of decentralized algorithms? • Background: Distributed Robots Coordination (Swarms); Data Integration/Quality • What constraints in CTS “force us” to use decentralized computing? Constraints Satisfaction in Decentralized Settings; • Categories of resource constraints (e.g. bandwidth, energy limits, computational capabilities in different contexts, …) • Dealing with Heterogeneous Contexts • Mobile networks • Background: Energy issues in Wireless Sensor Networks, Constraint Databases

  6. Possible Research Questions • Data Reduction + Aggregation in the context of streaming settings: • How to distribute the storage and management across hierarchical layers, where: • The structure of different layers evolves/changes over time (e.g., V2V ad-hoc networks); • Enrichment of granularities of information • The delegation of the computational tasks across the layers based on necessity vs. efficiency • Global: • Coupling of streaming data management and distributed control activities across the different layers in the hierarchy (Quality of Service vs. Quality of Data trade-off); • Traffic Flow Optimization in Decentralized Transportation Clusters (e.g., fleet mgmt “+” traffic controller”); • Current status/background: • Distributed Computing/Databases/ • Data Mining; • Swarm Intelligence; • Mobile/P2P Computing; • Data Integration/Quality; • Distributed Control; • Context-Awareness; • Views (Databases); • (Cartographic) generalization

  7. Possible Research Topics • Modeling and Representation of highly heterogeneous data • reconciliation in different contexts • Interpretation* • Ontologies, Semantic Interoperability (dynamic learning) • New categories (e.g., large-V2V-networks) emerge and vanish + interoperability managed dynamically. • Data Warehousing* • Rollup/Drill_Down in hierarchical decentralized settings Current Status/Background: - Ontologies/S.O./SOA - Business and Spatial Data Warehousing *NOTE: subject to discussion with the KD-group

  8. Comments from MixAndMatch-group • Different epistemic levels of P2P to substitute the current “regional servers” concept; • Delegating/Hand-off-ing the responsibility of “boss”: • Information transfer among nodes • In case of loss of “boss” – what is effect? • Basic assumptions about computational capabilities in different contexts (vehicles, pedestrians, road-side sensors); • Is there some “global” virtual machine • Restrictions on (de)centralizations/distribution(s) of non-technical/political/institutional/sponsorship nature. • Example(s) of entities involved in last bullet of Slide #4 • Generalizing the issues related to DW/DM outside the transportation world • Decision making, predictions

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