Body Type and Different Weights

1. Body Type andDifferentWeights

2. Learning Objectives • Understand the effects of under and over eating • Know the different somatotypes and how they link to sporting activities • Develop understanding of what effects optimum weight

3. Question 1

4. What is blood shunting? A Where all your blood gets redirected to the working muscles during exercise B Redistribution of blood flow before exercise C Redistribution of blood flow during exercise D Where all your blood gets redirected to your digestive system during exercise

5. What is blood shunting? A Where all your blood gets redirected to the working muscles during exercise B Redistribution of blood flow before exercise C Redistribution of blood flow during exercise D Where all your blood gets redirected to your digestive system during exercise

6. £2000

7. Question 2

8. BMI is calculated by...? A weight ÷ (height x height) B weight x (height ÷ height) C height x (weight ÷ weight) D height ÷ (weight x weight)

9. BMI is calculated by...? A weight ÷ (height x height) B weight x (height ÷ height) C height x (weight ÷ weight) D height ÷ (weight x weight)

10. £4000

11. Question 3

12. Optimum weight is described as...? Aideal weight – not effecting success B poor weight – giving best chance for success C ideal weight – giving best chance for success D ideal weight – not effecting chance for success

13. Optimum weight is described as...? A ideal weight – not effecting success B poor weight – giving best chance for success C ideal weight – giving best chance for success D ideal weight – not effecting chance for success

14. £8000

15. Question 4

16. What is carboloading? A Eating more carbohydrates during competition B Eating more carbohydrates before competition C Eating only carbohydrates before competition DEating carbohydrates after competition

17. What is carboloading? A Eating more carbohydrates during competition B Eating more carbohydrates before competition C Eating only carbohydrates before competition D Eating carbohydrates after competition

18. £16,000

19. Question 5

20. What is the effect of carboloading? A Eating food that are high in bulk fills you up before you compete B Improves performance because we are balanced by all nutrients C Eating foods that decrease our weight and build muscle D Eating foods that allow as store of glycogen to build up in our body

21. What is the effect of carboloading? A Eating food that are high in bulk fills you up before you compete B Improves performance because we are balanced by all nutrients C Eating foods that decrease our weight and build muscle D Eating foods that allow as store of glycogen to build up in our body

22. £32,000

23. 15 £1 Million 14 £500000 13 £250000 12 £125000 11 £64000 10 £32000 9 £16000 8 £8000 7 £4000 6 £2000 5 £1000 4 £500 3 £300 £200 2 1 £100

24. The effects of under and over eating Weight Maintained Weight Gain Weight Loss If calorie intake is balanced with energy used If the calorie intake exceeds the energy expended If more energy is expended and less calories are taken in

25. Degrees of being overweight • Abnormally fat - 20% • Health risks - diabetes, heart disease • In extremes - can be fatal OVERWEIGHT • Heavier than average of gender, height, build. • Not necessarily a threat to health – muscle? OVERFAT • Direct effect on health • High level of fat • Can lead to obesity related disease • High blood pressure, heart attack? OBESE

26. Degrees of being underweight ANOREXIC • Anorexia nervosa • See themselves as fat so don't eat • Obsessive state of mind UNDERWEIGHT • 10% under optimum weight • Some naturally underweight • Others try to be underweight to help their sport Depression, kidney/liver damage, death Irregular periods, risk of injury, fatigue, osteoporosis

27. Task Look at the images below and think about the characteristics of each body type (shoulders, hips, body fat, muscles) • RESEARCH: • What are the 3 somatotyopes called? • List at least 3 sports or sporting positions that are most suited to these body shapes.

28. Mesomorph A mesomorph body shape hasthe following characteristics: • Wide shoulders. • Narrow hips. • Muscular body, arms and legs. • Very little body fat. The word ‘Muscular’ will help you remember the body shape of a Mesomorph.

29. Ectomorph The ectomorph body shape has the following characteristics: • Narrow body. • Thin body, arms and legs. • Little body fat. • Very little muscle. The word ‘Thin’ will help you remember the body shape of an ecTomorph.

30. Endomorph An endomorph body shape hasthe following characteristics: • Wide hips • Narrow shoulders • Fat arms and legs • Fat body The word ‘Dumpy’ will help you rememberthe body shape of an enDomorph.

31. Why does Optimum Weight vary?

32. MUST: Match the terms with the descriptions SHOULD: State the somatotype for each term. COULD: State the BMI category for term. A) People who are very overfat. B) Weighing less than is normal, healthy or required. C) More bodyfat than needed. D) Ideal weight for a person. E) Prolonged weight loss eating disorder. Due to obsessive control of food intake. F) Having weight in excess of normal (not harmful unless accompanied by overfatness). • 1) Optimum Weight • 2) Anorexic • 3) Obese • 4) Overfat • 5) Overweight • 6) Underweight

33. Measuring Fat Ii • Fat layer = just below top layer off skin • Fat = good insulator • Varies with age and gender • Babies + women = thicker layers than men • Both sexes can increase fat ratio as get older • Men = middle • Women = thighs and buttocks • Skin-fold calliper • Fat % • Thickness of a fold of skin with its underlying layer of fat