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Sub-phylum Crustacea

Sub-phylum Crustacea. crabs, lobsters, shrimps, crayfish, barnacles, water fleas, fairy shrimps, copepods, isopods, & amphipods. Crustacean Diversity. General Features. diversity (30,000 species) fresh water & marine; terrestrial sessile, commensal, & parasitic biramous appendages

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Sub-phylum Crustacea

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  1. Sub-phylum Crustacea • crabs, lobsters, shrimps, crayfish, barnacles, water fleas, fairy shrimps, copepods, isopods, & amphipods

  2. Crustacean Diversity

  3. General Features • diversity (30,000 species) • fresh water & marine; terrestrial • sessile, commensal, & parasitic • biramous appendages • (2) pair of antennae • (1) pair of mandibles • (2) pair of maxillae • gills (usually) • tagmata (e.g. cephalothorax)

  4. Form & Function: • appendages: specialization • swimmerets, uropods, & chelipeds • feeding • filter feeders, scavengers, parasites, & predators • respiration: diffusion & gills • excretion/osmoregulation: • green gland- excretes ammonia • circulation: open w/ hemocoel

  5. Reproduction • mostly dioecious • direct or indirect development • planktonic larvae in many

  6. Class Cirripedia • barnacles • sessile (adults); marine, filter feeders • respiration via the integument; no heart

  7. Barnacles

  8. Class Copapoda “cyclops”

  9. Class Branchiopoda • brine shrimp, fairy shrimp, and water fleas • characteristics: small size, filter feeders, gilled, & locomotory & zooplankton • Orders: Cladocera, Notostraca, & Anostraca • parthenogenesis • Daphnia used indicators of water quality

  10. Order Notostraca- tadpole shrimps • nine species; one family • generally inhabit ephemeral lakes (playas)

  11. Order Anostraca- fairy shrimps • fairy and brine shrimps (sea monkeys) • often inhabit ephemeral pools

  12. Class Ostracoda- seed shrimps • 6,650 species • 54 genera and 420 freshwater spp. • fresh water, marine, & estuarine • consume mostly algae and organic detritus

  13. Class Malacostraca • largest and most diverse class • crabs, shrimps, crayfish, lobsters, isopods, etc. • marine, fresh water, and terrestrial • benthic; scavengers, predators

  14. Order Isopoda • pill bugs, sow bugs, or “rolley polly” • aquatic and terrestrial forms • Dorso-ventrally flattened body

  15. Order Amphipoda • sand fleas & scuds • laterally compressed body • marine & fresh water

  16. Order Decapoda • largest order- > 10,000 species; 100 families • crabs, lobsters, shrimp, crayfish, and hermit crabs • marine, fresh water, & terrestrial • chelipeds- grasping appendage

  17. Callinectes- blue crab

  18. megalopa

  19. Crayfish Morphology

  20. the Y-organ in the head of crustaceans controls ecdysis Ecdysis (molting)

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