Time and space

1. Time and space Helena Tapper August the 1st, 2000

2. Time and space • Harold Innis: • time -biased cultures and media: • emphasize tradition, continuity and community • societies are hierarchial, knowledge monopolies in these societies

3. Time and space • space-biased cultures and societies • present- and future-orientation • empires, emphasize science and technology • secular cultures • today: fragmented time • time is reduced to a series of disconnected events

4. Time and space • space has become abstract • space is disconnected from place • examples: organization of cities • organization of offices, homes

5. Castells and space of flows • ’space of flows is the material support of time-sharing social practices that are simultaneous in time • a. the first layer is constructed by ’the net’ or electronic impulses • b. the second layer is constituted by nodes and hubs (globally) • c. the third layer is organization of the dominant elites (managerial)

6. Castells and space of flows • 1. technology infrastructure and the information technology that constructs that infrastructure • 2. nodes and hubs: global cities and national and regional nodes (centers) • 3. spatial organization of the dominant material elites

7. Castells and space of flows • technological-managerial elites occupy the leading poisitions in our societies • dominat (global) elite has power to organize the material infrastructure to support their decision-making • technological flows • financial flows • image and communication flows • flows of organizational infrastructure

8. Time and space • changes in the media landscapes: • more channels-more information?-more entertainment? • concentration of the media • conversion of the media to content providers • fragmented and individual uses of the media

9. Time and space • the construction of identity through media

10. Castells and time • timeless time: • modernity is the dominance of clock time over society and space (Giddens, Harvey, Lash and Urry) • time as repetition of daily routines becomes universal • relativization of time

11. Castells and time • timeless time: time has value in use context • tends to escape from the real context of place • the network society is breaking down the rythmicity of time in biological and social terms during one’s lifecycle • random events, instancy, discontinuity

12. Appadurai • scapes (or flows) to analyse globalization: • ethnoscape, financescape, technoscape, ideoscapes,culturescapes • (Arjun Appadurai)

13. Global and local • the global and the local interact: the glocal • the challenge of the global to local

14. Global and local • Marshall McLuhan & global village • ’medium is the message’ • -ICT allows us to participate in the world events in real time • -we are disconnected from space • -’media are our extensions’

15. Global and local • more access to information and communication • global village refers to the local or glocal • risks: communication is reduced • -unification of cultures

16. Global village • local village (local communication): • -face-to- face communication • -personal • -time & space are connected • -’trust’ • -tradition • -’real’

17. Global village • global communication: • -mediated • -less personal (identity can be hidden) • -media (including the net) hides the source of information • the growth of access to events in real time (global events)