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This analytical piece delves into the intricate relationship between time, space, technology, and media in contemporary societies. It explores how cultures and societies, historically time-biased or space-biased, have evolved to embrace fragmented time and abstract space. The concepts of Castells' "space of flows" and Appadurai's "scapes" are discussed in the context of globalization, alongside the idea of a global village facilitated by information and communication technologies. McLuhan's notion that "the medium is the message" is dissected in relation to how we interact with global events while being physically detached from the space around us. The text also emphasizes the shifts in media landscapes and the construction of identity through media consumption. Overall, it provides a comprehensive examination of the complexities of time, space, and media in the modern age.
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Time and space Helena Tapper August the 1st, 2000
Time and space • Harold Innis: • time -biased cultures and media: • emphasize tradition, continuity and community • societies are hierarchial, knowledge monopolies in these societies
Time and space • space-biased cultures and societies • present- and future-orientation • empires, emphasize science and technology • secular cultures • today: fragmented time • time is reduced to a series of disconnected events
Time and space • space has become abstract • space is disconnected from place • examples: organization of cities • organization of offices, homes
Castells and space of flows • ’space of flows is the material support of time-sharing social practices that are simultaneous in time • a. the first layer is constructed by ’the net’ or electronic impulses • b. the second layer is constituted by nodes and hubs (globally) • c. the third layer is organization of the dominant elites (managerial)
Castells and space of flows • 1. technology infrastructure and the information technology that constructs that infrastructure • 2. nodes and hubs: global cities and national and regional nodes (centers) • 3. spatial organization of the dominant material elites
Castells and space of flows • technological-managerial elites occupy the leading poisitions in our societies • dominat (global) elite has power to organize the material infrastructure to support their decision-making • technological flows • financial flows • image and communication flows • flows of organizational infrastructure
Time and space • changes in the media landscapes: • more channels-more information?-more entertainment? • concentration of the media • conversion of the media to content providers • fragmented and individual uses of the media
Time and space • the construction of identity through media
Castells and time • timeless time: • modernity is the dominance of clock time over society and space (Giddens, Harvey, Lash and Urry) • time as repetition of daily routines becomes universal • relativization of time
Castells and time • timeless time: time has value in use context • tends to escape from the real context of place • the network society is breaking down the rythmicity of time in biological and social terms during one’s lifecycle • random events, instancy, discontinuity
Appadurai • scapes (or flows) to analyse globalization: • ethnoscape, financescape, technoscape, ideoscapes,culturescapes • (Arjun Appadurai)
Global and local • the global and the local interact: the glocal • the challenge of the global to local
Global and local • Marshall McLuhan & global village • ’medium is the message’ • -ICT allows us to participate in the world events in real time • -we are disconnected from space • -’media are our extensions’
Global and local • more access to information and communication • global village refers to the local or glocal • risks: communication is reduced • -unification of cultures
Global village • local village (local communication): • -face-to- face communication • -personal • -time & space are connected • -’trust’ • -tradition • -’real’
Global village • global communication: • -mediated • -less personal (identity can be hidden) • -media (including the net) hides the source of information • the growth of access to events in real time (global events)