The electrochemical cell and rate of reaction Die elektrochemiese sel en reaksietempo

1. http://www.wwnorton.com/college/chemistry/gilbert/overview/ch17.htmhttp://www.wwnorton.com/college/chemistry/gilbert/overview/ch17.htm The electrochemical cell and rate of reactionDie elektrochemiese sel en reaksietempo Gr 12 Les 10

2. Electrochemistry translates the chemical energy of a reduction–oxidation reaction into electrical energy. Elektrochemie verander chemiese energie van ‘n reduksie-oksidasie reaksie in elektriese energie Reduction–oxidation reactions involve the transfer of electrons. Electrical energy comes from the movement of electrons through a wire. Redoks reaksies gaan oor die oordrag van elektrone. Elektriese energie word geskep deur die beweging van elektrone deur ‘n geleier

3. When the substances involved in oxidation and reduction half–reactions are physically separated, it is called an electrochemical cell. Wanneer stowwe betrokke in ‘n redoks-reaksie fisies van mekaar geskei word, word dit ‘n elektrochemiese sel genoem

4. Each half reaction occurs on the surface of an electrically conductive solid called an electrode. Elke half reaksie gebeur op die oppervlak van ‘n geleidende materiaal wat ‘n elektrode genoem word. Each electrode is immersed in a solution containing ions needed for the half–reaction. Elke elektrode word geplaas in ‘n oplossing vol ione wat nodig is vir die half-reaksie

5. The electrodes are connected by a wire so that electrons can move from the oxidation half–reaction to the reduction half–reaction. Elektrone word deur ‘n draad verbind sodat elektrone vry tussen die oksidasie halfreaksie en die reduksiehalfreaksie kan beweeg.

6. The saltbridge completes the electric current Die soutbrug voltooi die elektriese stroombaan. The substances undergoing oxidation push electrons through the wire to the substances undergoing reduction. Die stof wat geoksideer word stoot elektrone deur die geleier na die stof wat gereduseer word.

7. The force moving electrons through the wire is called the electromotive force (emf) , electrochemical potential, or voltage (E). Die krag wat die elektrone deur die geleier beweeg word die elektromotiewe krag (emk) , die elektrochemiese potensiaal of potensiaalverskil genoem

8. The relationship between the potential difference of a cell and the rate of reaction in the cell. Die verhouding tussen die potensiaal verskil in ‘n sel en die reaksietempo van die sel. Higher reaction rate  more energy released  higher portential difference Hoër reaksietempo  meer energie vrygestel  hoër potensiaalverskil

9. The potential difference of the cell (Vcell) is related to the extent to which the spontaneous cell reaction has reached equilibrium Die potensiaal verskil van ‘n sel is afhanklik van die mate waar toe die spontane selreaksie ekwilibrium bereik het.