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Three - Tier No More: Integration - Ready Applications with AJAX and WS

Three - Tier No More: Integration - Ready Applications with AJAX and WS Samisa Abeysinghe ( samisa@wso2.com ) WSO2 Inc. Who am I?. A developer Apache Axis2/C and Axis C++ Member of Apache Software Foundation Software Architect WSO2 Inc. Agenda. Three-tier to Two-tier

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Three - Tier No More: Integration - Ready Applications with AJAX and WS

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  1. Three - Tier No More: Integration - Ready Applications with AJAX and WS Samisa Abeysinghe (samisa@wso2.com) WSO2 Inc.

  2. Who am I? • A developer Apache Axis2/C and Axis C++ • Member of Apache Software Foundation • Software Architect WSO2 Inc.

  3. Agenda • Three-tier to Two-tier • XMLHttpRequest Characteristics • Introducing SOAPHttpRequest • Consuming Web Services • WS-* Support • REST vs. SOAP • Present and the Future

  4. Three-tier to Two-tier Web Client Web Server App Server HTTP SOAP Web Client App Server HTTP / SOAP

  5. Case for Dropping a Tier • Web services – SOAP over HTTP • Web browser can handle XML • Let browser talk SOAP

  6. First Generation - XMLHttpRequest • Construct XML representing SOAP envelope • SOAP is XML<envelope> <header>...headers...</header> <body>...payload...</body></envelope> • Send over HTTP • Concerns • You need to build the request SOAP envelope • Need to strip SOAP in response

  7. First Generation Example xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); xmlhttp.open("POST", "http://api.google.com/search/beta2",true); xmlhttp.onreadystatechange=function() { if (xmlhttp.readyState==4) { alert(xmlhttp.responseText) } } xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Man", "POST http://api.google.com/search/beta2 HTTP/1.1") xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("MessageType", "CALL") xmlhttp.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "text/xml")

  8. First Generation Example (Contd.) xmlhttp.send("<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>"+"\n\n"+ '<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">'+ '<soapenv:Body>'+ '<ns1:doSpellingSuggestion xmlns:ns1="urn:GoogleSearch"'+ ' soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"'+ ' xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema-instance"'+ ' xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema">'+ '<key xsi:type="xsd:string">TcP7PPxQFHJtaZQO2OzWIPwdu2bUjYKD</key>'+ '<phrase xsi:type="xsd:string">salvasion</phrase>'+ '</ns1:doSpellingSuggestion>'+ '</soapenv:Body>'+ '</soapenv:Envelope>')

  9. Next Generation - SOAPHttpRequest • Let AJAX handle SOAP for you • You just worry about request payload and response payload • Inherited form XMLHttpRequest • Hence same familiar API • Benefit • SOAP envelope is handled for you

  10. Behind the Scenes • Used Apache Axis2/C as base • Implemented a Firefox extension • Extended Firefox AJAX API • Works both on Windows and Linux • Planning on an ActiveX object to support Microsoft IE

  11. Objectives for SOAPHttpRequest • Use an API similar to XMLHttpRequest • Shorten learning curve • Leverage the power of an existing SOAP engine • Axis2/C is written with integration in mind as a portable C library • Written to support full web services stack

  12. Consuming Web Services • Invoking Google spell checker:// create request object var req = new SOAPHttpRequest(); // set SOAP version to be SOAP 1.1 req.soapVer = 1.1; // set callback to be called on response req.onreadystatechange = listenStatus; // set up endpoint information; syntax:open(method, uri, isAsynchronous) req.open("POST", "http://api.google.com/search/beta2", false); // send request with payload req.send (reqContent);

  13. Consuming Web Services - Payload • XML payload build using DOM API//create the root nodevar req_node = document.createElementNS ("urn:GoogleSearch", "ns1:doSpellingSuggestion" );req_node. setAttribute ("xmlns:xsd", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" );//create the node for keyvar key_node = document.createElement ("key");key_node. setAttributeNS("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance", "type", "xsd:string" );var key_text = document.createTextNode (key );key_node.appendChild(key_text);//create the node for phrase|var phrase_node = document.createElement ("phrase");phrase_node. setAttributeNS("http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance", "type", "xsd:string" );var phrase_text = document.createTextNode (phrase);phrase_node. appendChild(phrase_text );//attach nodesreq_node. appendChild (key_node );req_node. appendChild (phrase_node );reqContent = req_node; //attach nodesreq_node. appendChild (key_node );req_node. appendChild (phrase_node );reqContent = req_node;

  14. Consuming Web Services - Callback • Captures result// responseXML contains response domvar resultContent = req. responseXML;// Process result content as you wishHandleResponse (resultContent);

  15. <?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema"> <SOAP-ENV:Body> <ns1:doSpellingSuggestionResponse xmlns:ns1="urn:GoogleSearch" SOAP-ENV:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/"> <return xsi:type="xsd:string">tungsten</return> </ns1:doSpellingSuggestionResponse> </SOAP-ENV:Body> </SOAP-ENV:Envelope> XML in/out Model Request <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/"> <soapenv:Header></soapenv:Header><soapenv:Body> <ns1:doSpellingSuggestion xmlns:ns1="urn:GoogleSearch" soapenv:encodingStyle="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/1999/XMLSchema"> <key xsi:type="xsd:string">wCumFQpQFHL7+coIxlNKUGtyVsgrVAnb</key> <phrase xsi:type="xsd:string">tungsston</phrase> </ns1:doSpellingSuggestion> </soapenv:Body></soapenv:Envelope> Response

  16. Non-Blocking • Set the third parameter of open to true req.open("POST", "http://api.google.com/search/beta2", true);

  17. WS-* Support • Axis2/C designed to support WS-* • Concept of modules • WS-Addressing built in • WS-Security and WS-Reliable Messaging available as separate modules • Advantage of using Axis2/C as base • Any module available at C level freely available at AJAX level

  18. Axis2 Architecture

  19. WS-Addressing • SOAP Header sample<soapenv:Header xmlns:wsa="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing"> <wsa:To>http://localhost:9090/axis2/services/echo</wsa:To> <wsa:Action>http://ws.apache.org/axis2/c/samples/echoString</wsa:Action> <wsa:MessageID>cb00ebf2-39ad-1db1-36e2-001125ce1ac4</wsa:MessageID></soapenv:Header> • Need for addressing in enterprise • reply to : where to send the reply • fault to : where to send the fault • e.g. Booking flight: send bill to finance, if error let me know

  20. WS-Addressing with AJAX // engage addressing req.engage ( "addressing", "version" ); // set WSA action req.options({ wsa_action:"http://ws.apache.org/axis2/c/samples/echoString" } ); • API allows you to select the version • Addressing specific parameters could be set as options

  21. REST vs. SOAP • REST and SOAP are different religions • Both have devotees • At 30,000 feet • REST is light weight; SOAP is heavy weight • REST QoS based on transport; SOAP has array of message level QoS options • Both has use cases • You will need SOAP for some use cases

  22. Present • You can try WSO2 Tungsten Firefox (v 1.5.0.1) extension • Open source with Apache 2.0 license • http://dist.wso2.net/products/tungsten/ajax/xpi/installation.html • Can consume Web services with XML in/out model • WS-Addressing and WS-Security UsernameToken integrated • Can use both on Linux and Windows with Firefox

  23. Future • Full WS-Security, MTOM and WS-RM support • ActiveX object for Windows IE • WS-Policy, WS-Eventing coming up with Axis2/C • Would be available to AJAX extension

  24. Conclusion • Full power of Web services stack available to AJAX programmer • Familiar API • Based on well designed, proved Apache Axis2 Web services architecture • Designed by industry leaders • C implementation: fast and portable design

  25. Links • WSO2 Tungsten XPI • http://dist.wso2.net/products/tungsten/ajax/xpi/ • Apache Axis2/C • http://ws.apache.org/axis2/c/ • This Presentation • http://people.apache.org/~samisa/

  26. Thank you Time for Q&A

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