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Sponges and Cnidarians

Sponges and Cnidarians. Read pages 612-616, 639-647. Animals. Heterotrophs Ingest food ___________ digesting it in an internal cavity ___________for their food Multicellular : Their cells are ____________ and are mostly organized in _______________ and functional units of tissues

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Sponges and Cnidarians

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  1. Spongesand Cnidarians Read pages 612-616, 639-647

  2. Animals • Heterotrophs • Ingest food ___________ digesting it in an internal cavity • ___________for their food • Multicellular: Their cells are ____________ and are mostly organized in _______________ and functional units of tissues • ________ % animals are invertebrates (no backbones) • Of the 5-10 million animal species, only _____________ have a backbone

  3. Animal Con’t • 35 Phyla • Most ______________ in __________________ • 3 Phyla Anthropoda (Spiders insects and Crustaceans), Mollusca (Snails) and Chordata (vertebrates) dominate __________________________ on land • Animals are able to ____________ by muscular cells. • __________________ is another important part of animals • Usually reproduce ___________________

  4. Sponge: The Simplest Animals • ____________ Species of Sponge and most live in the _____________________ • Phylum: Porifera • Symmetry: Arrangement of body parts __________________ a point or central _____________ • Sponges ______________ symmetry • Tissue is ____________ organized, but rather is found in a _______________________ substance

  5. Body of a Sponge • Body of adult sponge is _______________ to sea floor • It acts as a ______________ for the sea • Body contains many ___________ that allow water to enter. • Holes are where the name Porifera (Phylum) comes from • Choanocytes: _______________________ cells that face the internal _________________ of a sponge • When these cells _______________, they draw water into the cavity • Help _______________ organisms in the water which are _____________________ by the sponge

  6. 1 cubic cm can propel more than 20 L water a day into and out of sponge

  7. 3 Classes of Sponges Calcareous sponges Glass sponges Demosponges sponges (80 % of sponges are this type of sponge

  8. How Sponges Reproduce • When a piece of sponge ___________________, it can grow into a ________________ sponge • Form of __________________ reproduction • Sexual Reproduction is ____________________ • Most sponges are hermaphrodites (produce both __________ and _________________) • Can ____________ fertilize self, but makes it easier for ___________________ fertilization • Sperm from one sponge enter another sponge through the _______________________ • Larvae form, swim out of sponge and develop into new sponges

  9. Phylum: Cnidarians • Includes _____________, hydra, sea anemones and corals • Carnivores • Capture _________________ with tentacles • Tentacles have _________________called cnidocytes • In each cnidocyte, there is a small harpoon called a __________________ • Food is digested extracellularly (_______________________) in a digestive cavity

  10. Body Type • ____________________ symmetric (arrangement of body parts around a central point) • Two basic body forms • Medusae: free ___________, gelatinous and __________________ shaped • Polyps:__________________. Pipe-shaped animals attached to rocks • Some organisms exist only as _____ body form during its lifetime while others exist in ______forms throughout their lifetime • (Look at page 640)

  11. Hydrozoans • Class hydrozoa: 2700 species • Usually have both a ___________ and medusa stage • Found in ____________of individuals • Portuguese man of war is an example • Reproduce usually _______________

  12. Jellyfish • Most of life in medusae stage • Reproduce ______________ • From class Scyphozoa

  13. Anthozoans • Sea anemones, corals, sea fans, sea whips • Thick, stalklike body with a crown of tentacles that occur in groups of _________ • Fertilized eggs develop into planulae that develop into ___________ (no medusae)

  14. Sea Anemone • Soft bodied ____________ found in coastal areas • _______ mm to __________ mm in diameter • Like to eat __________ and other ________ life • Retract their tentacles when they are ___________

  15. Corals • Live in _________ and the small polyp secretes a tough, _____________ outer skeleton • Coral reefs occur when these cement like objects ______________ to those of their neighbors • When polyps die, they leave the ____________objects • Provides a ______________ for many other fish • __________________: Form close to beaches • __________________: Form in deeper water from the shore • __________________: Coral islands that form away from land

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