Food Safety Systems in some Member States of the European Union Dieter Arnold Berlin

1. Food Safety Systems in some Member States of the European Union Dieter Arnold Berlin d_arnold@gmx.net Dieter Arnold

2. International Food Safety System

3. European Food Safety Authority - EFSA

4. Food Safety System in Hungary(simplified scheme)

5. Coordination of Food Safety in Hungary

6. Coordination of Food Safety in the Czech Republic

7. Coordination of Food Safety in Austria

8. Germany – A Federal Republic

9. Constitutional FrameworkThe Five „Constitutional Bodies“

10. Division of Authority Between the Federation and the “Länder” (1) • Article 30 of the Basic Law:Except as otherwise provided or permitted by this Basic Law, the exercise of state powers and the discharge of state functions is a matter for the Länder. • Article 83 of the Basic Law: The Länder shall execute federal laws in their own right insofar as this Basic Law does not otherwise provide or permit.

11. Division of Authority Between the Federation and the Länder (2) From Article 84 of the Basic Law: (1)   Where the Länder execute federal laws in their own right, they shall regulate the establishment of the authorities and their administrative procedure insofar as federal laws enacted with the consent of the Bundesrat do not otherwise provide. (2)   The Federal Government, with the consent of the Bundesrat, may issue general administrative rules. (3) The Federal Government shall exercise oversight to ensure that the Länder execute federal laws in accordance with the law……

12. Legislation and Control

13. The Federal Ministry of Nutrition, Agriculture and Consumer Protection • The Ministry supervises more than 15 institutions including ten research institutes and the newly established Federal Institute for Risk Assessment and Federal Office for Consumer Protection and Foods Safety. • These latter two institutions play prominent roles in food safety risk analysis.

14. Federal Institute for Risk Assessment • It is the scientific risk assessment body of the Federal Republic of Germany. • It provides scientific opinions and expert reports on questions directly or indirectly related to food safety and consumer health protection using internationally recognized methodologies. • It particularly advices the competent Federal Ministries and the Federal Office for Consumer Protection and Food Safety.

15. Federal Office of Consumer Protection and Food Safety The Office has risk management functions, such as: • Operation of an early warning system of hazardous foods and feeding stuffs; • Crisis management; • Co-ordination of national food contamination monitoring and residue control; • Co-operation with the Food and Veterinary Office of the European Commission; • Support to the “Länder“ in their surveillance activities of foods, feeding stuffs, cosmetics, tobacco products, and other consumer products. • Marketing authorization of pesticides; • Marketing authorization of veterinary drugs and pharmacovigilance.

16. Coordination of Food Control between the „Länder“

17. Official Food Control in Baden-Württemberg (Germany) 10, 000, 000 Citizens 1 Highest Authority (Ministry) 4 Higher Authorities 44 Lower Authorities 4 Laboratories >55000 Samples/year

18. Official Food Control in Northrhine-Westfalia (Germany) 18, 000, 000 Citizens 1 Highest Authority (Ministry) 5 Higher Authorities 54 Lower Authorities 3 + 17 Laboratories >100 000 Samples/year (Trend: reduce the number to have only 3 integrated laboratories)

19. Official Food Control in Hesse (Germany) 6, 000, 000 Citizens 1 Highest Authority (Ministry) 3 Higher Authorities 26 Lower Authorities 1 Laboratory >28 000 Samples/year