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Marine Environments. Classification: Depth. Aphotic zone: Deep, cold, dark layer – sun does not penetrate. Photic zone: Shallow, warm, sun-lit layer Photo- light “A”- without. Classification: Proximity to substrate. Pelagic- (Open water)- Subdivided into 2 provinces:
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Classification: Depth Aphotic zone: Deep, cold, dark layer – sun does not penetrate Photic zone: Shallow, warm, sun-lit layer Photo- light “A”- without
Classification: Proximity to substrate Pelagic- (Open water)- Subdivided into 2 provinces: Neritic: over the continental shelf- the shallow water near the shore. Oceanic province: open water, far away from land and no where near the bottom. Oceanographers- refer to the oceanic as pelagic.
Benthic The environment that is: in, on or associated in some way with the sea bottom Divided into 2 catagories 1. Littoral zone: proximity to the shore/shelf 2. Deep water/off shore regions
Divisions of the Littoral Zone Supralittoral- the zone that is usually out of the water except during highest spring tide & storm surges Littoral- the zone that is between high tide and low tide. Sublittoral- lowest tide and below- covers the continental shelf.
Beyond the Shelf Three zones- defined by their depths: Bathyal- 2000 m- includes the slope, rise and beyond Abyssal-between 3000 – 5000 m. About 50% of the earths surface. Hadal-trench area between 5000 & 11000 m