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Next generation. Lifetime reproductive success. Behavioral capacities. Mechanisms (perceptual, motivational, learning, motor, etc.). Developmental programs. Genetic influences. Nongenetic influences. 7.1. Physiological activation. Behavioral activation. Response selection. Storage.
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Next generation Lifetime reproductive success Behavioral capacities Mechanisms (perceptual, motivational, learning, motor, etc.) Developmental programs Genetic influences Nongenetic influences 7.1
Physiological activation Behavioral activation Response selection Storage Long-term storage Short-term acquisition Associative learning Retrieval Perceptual processes Exteroceptive and interoceptive information 7.2
(b) Instrumental conditioning (a) Classical conditioning Stimulus 1 (SD) Stimulus 1 (CS) Response 1 (Ri) Response 2 (CR) Stimulus 2 (US) Stimulus 2 (SR) Response 1 (UR) Response 2 (Rc) 7.3
(a) Two-process theory (parallel processing) eR (Instrumental) Ri SR SD ri (Pavlovian) (b) Occasion-setting theory (hierarchical processing) SD ri eR Ri SR 7.4
Test Goal Start Hippocampal Caudate Nucleus Hippocampal Caudate Nucleus Test Day 8 Test Day 16 7.5
Trials when Master Animal Responds Nothing Ri SD Master R Nothing “SD” Yoked or No R Trials when Master Animal does not Respond No Ri SR Master SD R “SD” “SR” Yoked or No R 7.6
Goal Box Treatment Start Box Treatment 7.9
7.10 1000 100 Acquisition Score 10 1 1 10 100 Cycle/Trial Duration Ratio
(2) (3) (1) 7.11
Acquisition Extinction 7.13
70:30 50:50 30:70 50:50 7.14
Side arm (black) Start box Goal box Choice box Delay box Side arm (white) 10 cm Doors 7.15
7.16 1.0 Water bottle area .8 Drinking .6 Running wheel area Feeder area Probability .4 Running Other .2 0 0 10 20 30 Postfood Time (s)
7.17 SUBSYSTEM MODE MODULE ACTION Travel Locomote Scan General search Socialize Crawl over Sniff Investigate Nose Paw Chase Track Cut off Predating Lie in wait Focal search Immobile Capture Pounce Grab Test Bite Gnaw Hold Ingest Chew Handle / consume Swallow Reject Spit out Wipe off Hoard Carry
7.18 Early trials, first process: Pavlovian Light No Response Shock Pain Fear Later trials, second process: Instrumental Light Response Light off Fear reduction Fear Shock off
7.21 CS US Cues present before and during drug administration Direct effects of the drug Context Hypoalgesia Conditioned link Unconditioned link CR UR Compensatory responses Hyperalgesia